제조업 서비스화의 수출경쟁력 제고 효과 연구(The Export Effect of Servitization in Manufacturing)

본 연구는 제조업 서비스화의 여러 양태 중 제조업 내 최종재로서의 서비스 생산 및 판매의 증가에 주목하여 국내 제조기업의 서비스 매출 현황을 파악하고 이러한 제조업 서비스화가 기업의 성과 및 수출에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 우리나라 제조기업의 서비스화를 효과적으로 지원하기 위한 정책 시사점을 논의하였다. This study examines the status and characteristics of Korea’s servitization of manufacturing and its impact on corporate performance and exports. In particular, we focus on the phenomenon that manufacturingcompanies produce more services as final goods and provide them to the market with products. The main results derived from this study are summarized as follows. First, the proportion of service sales in the total sales of manufacturing companies increased significantly, albeit gradually between 2012 and 2019. Service sales, which stood at 4.5% of the total sales of manufacturing companies in 2012, surged to 15.9% in 2017, and then decreased to 6.9% in 2019. Also when the rate of servitization, which is the proportion of service sales out of total sales for each individual company, was calculated and examined by distribution, it was found that the distribution of the servitization rate increased at the most positive level in 2019 compared to 2012. However, it was found that manymanufacturing companies had no service-related sales at all. Manufacturing companies with less than 50 employees are not included in the survey object of the “Survey of Business Activities”, which is the key database of this study. Since small businesses with less than 50 employees showed a high servitization rate according to the previous studies, the distribution of the servitization rate may actually be more skewed toward zero than in reality. We checked how servitization has progressed by industry by calculating the proportion of companies selling services. In general, the trend toward servitization in labor-intensive manufacturing such as food and beverage manufacturing, textile and clothing manufacturing, and wood/printing industry has decreased, while the trend toward servitization in capitalintensive manufacturing such as petrochemicals, electricity/ electronics and machinery manufacturing is higher in 2019 than in 2012. Thetransportation industry, including automobile, ship, railroad, aircraft and its parts industries, did not change significantly during the analysis period, and in particular, the distribution of servitization was found to be significantly lower than that of other industries.(the rest omitted)