지식재산권의 국제 논의 동향과 영향에 관한 연구 (The Impact of Intellectual Property Protection Through FTA on International Trade)

본 연구는 국제기구와 지역무역협정에서의 지식재산권 보호 논의 동향을 파악하고 지역무역협정을 통한 지식재산권 보호의 강화가 무역에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써 향후 기체결 FTA 개선과 새로운 FTA 추진 전략 수립에 유용한 기초 자료와 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. This study investigates changes in the trend regarding the IP protection level in RTA and how the IP protection through RTAs has affected the composition of aggregate trade flows of member countries in order to provide basic findings necessary to formulate the FTA policies regarding the protection of intellectual property (IP) in Korea. This study first quantifies the depth of IP protection in RTAs based on more than 300 RTAs all over the world, showing that recent RTAs contain more comprehensive and strong IP protection provisions. We find that only 6 out of 71 RTAs had a high level of IP protection before 2000, while 45 out of 105 RTAs have a high level of IP protection after 2010. Second, we find that establishing such RTAs with high level of IP protection has positive effects on trade. In particular, exports in IP-intensive industries have increased in member countries of RTAs with high level of IP protection compared to other countries. However, the impact that strengthening IP protection through RTA has on imports is complex; it is negative in IP-intensive industries but positive in other industries. In order to rationalize these findings, we develop a two country and multi sector model featuring North firms deciding between exports and FDI, while South firms decide between imitation and R&D. In the model the increased IP protection affects South firm's R&D incentives and relative wages, followed by changes in North firm's FDI incentives. These strategic interactions between North and South firms vary depending on IP intensity of the industry, partly explaining the empirical findings. (the rest omitted)