중국의 금융개방 환경 변화와 대응방향 (Changing Environment for Opening of Chinese Financial Sector and Response Measures)

본 보고서에서는 중국 금융개방의 환경 변화를 분석하였다. 대내적으로는 금융개방 관련 정책 및 제도의 변화를 살펴보았고, 대외적으로는 미·중 갈등 심화가 중국 금융개방에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 산업·기술 측면으로는 중국 디지털 금융 발전에 따른 미·중 금융 플랫폼 헤게모니 경쟁에 대해 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 중국 금융개방을 평가하고 한국의 대응방향과 한·중 금융협력에 대한 정책 시사점을 제안하였다. China's financial opening has progressed at a very slow pace, unlike the manufacturing and trade sectors that have pushed for an active opening to the outside world. The Chinese economy has been growing rapidly while serving as a global production base, but since 2012, it has become necessary to modify its approaches to achieve growth as it enters the so-called "New Normal (新常態)", an era of medium-speed growth. Recently, new reform and opening measures have been taken in various fields to improve the quality of the Chinese economy, and the need for reform and opening in the financial sector has also increased. Internally, the financial system centered on China's state-owned commercial banks has focused on indirect financing, which has served as a major obstacle to upgrading China's economy and industry to the next level, further increasing the need for reform and opening of the financial sector. Moreover, externally, the U.S.-China conflict which began in earnest in 2018, is applying strongly pressure toward reform and opening in China's financial sector. The Chinese government began to show a proactive attitude toward financial opening amid such internal needs and external pressure, and an important development was seen in China's financial opening when President Xi Jinping declared further opening measures at the Boao Forum in April 2018. The Chinese financial authorities have prepared follow-up measures related to financial opening, and the Chinese government's efforts toward financial opening in the three years from 2018 to 2020 yielded more results than the ten-year opening period since its accession to the WTO. (the rest omitted)