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Large Fiscal Episodes and Sustainable Development: Some International Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Aizenman , Joshua

    (University of Southern California)

  • Jinjarak, Yothin

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Nguyen, Hien

    (New Zealand Treasury)

  • Park, Donghyun

    (Asian Development Bank)

Abstract

This paper examines the association between episodes of large fiscal impulses (expansions and adjustments) and sustainable development indicators (prosperity, resilience, and inclusivity). We provide country studies of Chile, Poland, South Africa, and Thailand, examining the components of government expenses and tax revenues, and reporting four stylized patterns from the analysis as follows: (i) Fiscal expansions led to higher growth rates and reduced negative trade-offs, e.g., pollution and poor-health mortalities associated with economic growth. (ii) Fiscal adjustments led to a more inclusive economy, lowered poverty headcounts, improved sanitation, and increased cleaner technology access. (iii) Fiscal expansions followed an increase in direct taxes (especially corporate taxes) and a decline in social contributions, and preceded a decline in other direct taxes and an increase in wage bills. (iv) Fiscal adjustments followed a decline in other direct taxes and social contributions, an increase in wage bills, and preceded a decline in government consumption expenditure and transfers. In light of these findings, domestic resource mobilization should consider the time paths of the taxes and expenditure components to understand their empirical linkages with sustainable development outcomes in the respective countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Aizenman , Joshua & Jinjarak, Yothin & Nguyen, Hien & Park, Donghyun, 2021. "Large Fiscal Episodes and Sustainable Development: Some International Evidence," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 644, Asian Development Bank.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:0644
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Olivier Jean Blanchard, 1990. "Suggestions for a New Set of Fiscal Indicators," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 79, OECD Publishing.
    2. Alberto Alesina & Silvia Ardagna, 2010. "Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes versus Spending," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 24, pages 35-68, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Alberto Alesina & Roberto Perotti, 1995. "Fiscal Expansions and Fiscal Adjustments in OECD Countries," NBER Working Papers 5214, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    sustainable development; tax base; government expenses; large fiscal changes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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