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Rural–Urban Migration and Employment Quality: A Case Study from Thailand

Author

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  • Amare, Mulubrhan

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Hohfeld, Lena

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Jitsuchon, Somchai

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Waibel, Hermann

    (Asian Development Bank)

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of rural–urban migration on economic development in Thailand. It draws upon a panel database of 2,000 rural households collected from 2008 to 2010 in three provinces from Northeast Thailand and a survey of 650 migrants in the Greater Bangkok area conducted in 2010. The study offers some new findings on migration in Thailand. First, there is evidence that there is a need for better social protection for urban migrants. Second, the study shows that migration offers the benefit of income growth for rural households but is less effective in reducing inequality and relative poverty in rural areas. Generally, migrants are more educated albeit at an overall low education level in the rural areas. The message emerging from this paper is that poor rural households tend to produce poor migrants which could be one of the reasons for the continuous existence of a wide rural–urban divide in welfare. The crucial importance of good quality education for migrants to achieve higher quality employment calls for more investment in education quality in rural areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Amare, Mulubrhan & Hohfeld, Lena & Jitsuchon, Somchai & Waibel, Hermann, 2012. "Rural–Urban Migration and Employment Quality: A Case Study from Thailand," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 309, Asian Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:0309
    Note: http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/pub/2012/economics-wp-309.pdf
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Grote, Ulrike & Waibel, Hermann, 2017. "Rural-Urban Migration, Welfare and Employment : Comparing Results from Thailand and Vietnam," 2017 ASAE 9th International Conference, January 11-13, Bangkok, Thailand 284809, Asian Society of Agricultural Economists (ASAE).
    2. Samira Salam & Md. Abul Kalam Azad & Md. Abdus Salam & Mohammad M. Islam, 2020. "Rural-to-Urban Migration and Realization of Expected Better Life in Bangladesh: An Empirical Study in Rajshahi City Corporation," International Journal of Asian Social Science, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(10), pages 612-622, October.
    3. Hohfeld, Lena & Waibel, Hermann, 2013. "Investments of Rural Households in Northeast Thailand and the Future of Small Scale Farming," Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, Humboldt-Universitaat zu Berlin, vol. 52(3), pages 1-20, August.
    4. Sravaitri CHAUDHURI & Ranajoy BHATTACHARYYA & Sukanta BHATTACHARYA, 2021. "Rural urban migration with heterogeneous firms, heterogonous laborer and the effect of wage subsidy," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(3(628), A), pages 143-156, Autumn.
    5. Nurlinah, & Haryanto, & Sunardi,, 2020. "New development, old migration, and governance at two villages in Jeneponto, Indonesia," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 19(C).
    6. Isabell Duda & Anja Fasse & Ulrike Grote, 2018. "Drivers of rural-urban migration and impact on food security in rural Tanzania," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 10(4), pages 785-798, August.
    7. Nguyen, Duc Loc & Grote, Ulrike, 2015. "Migration, Agricultural Production and Diversification: A case study from Vietnam," 2015 Conference, August 9-14, 2015, Milan, Italy 229379, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    8. Liebenehm, Sabine, 2018. "Temporal Stability of Risk Attitudes and the Impact of Adverse Shocks—A Panel Data Analysis from Thailand and Vietnam," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 262-274.
    9. Rigg, Jonathan & Promphaking, Buapun & Le Mare, Ann, 2014. "Personalizing the Middle-Income Trap: An Inter-Generational Migrant View from Rural Thailand," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 184-198.
    10. Mistura Rufai & Adebayo Ogunniyi & Kabir Kayode Salman & Motunrayo Oyeyemi & Mutiat Salawu, 2019. "Migration, Labor Mobility and Household Poverty in Nigeria: A Gender Analysis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-24, October.
    11. Amare, M. & Waibel, H., 2015. "Climate Variability, Shocks and Non-farm Employment: Evidence from Rural Household in Northeast Thailand," Proceedings “Schriften der Gesellschaft für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften des Landbaues e.V.”, German Association of Agricultural Economists (GEWISOLA), vol. 50, March.
    12. Wanetha Sudswong & Anon Plangprasopchok & Chainarong Amornbunchornvej, 2021. "Occupational Income Inequality of Thailand: A Case Study of Exploratory Data Analysis beyond Gini Coefficient," Papers 2111.06224, arXiv.org.
    13. Amare, Mulubrhan & Waibel, Herman, 2014. "Climate Variability, Shocks and Non-farm Employment: Evidence from Rural Households in Northeast Thailand," 54th Annual Conference, Goettingen, Germany, September 17-19, 2014 187571, German Association of Agricultural Economists (GEWISOLA).
    14. Somchai Jitsuchon, 2014. "Income Inequality, Poverty And Labor Migration In Thailand," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 59(01), pages 1-16.
    15. Jamal Bouoiyour & Amal Miftah & Christophe Muller, 2017. "Maghreb Rural-Urban Migration: The Movement to Morocco’s Towns," Working Papers 1082, Economic Research Forum, revised 04 Oct 2017.
    16. Mulubrhan Amare & Kibrom A. Abay & Channing Arndt & Bekele Shiferaw, 2021. "Youth Migration Decisions in Sub‐Saharan Africa: Satellite‐Based Empirical Evidence from Nigeria," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 47(1), pages 151-179, March.
    17. Nguyen, Loc Duc & Raabe, Katharina & Grote, Ulrike, 2015. "Rural–Urban Migration, Household Vulnerability, and Welfare in Vietnam," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 79-93.

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