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Education Outcomes in the Philippines

Author

Listed:
  • S. Maligalig, Dalisay

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • B. Caoli-Rodriguez, Rhona

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Martinez, Jr., Arturo

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Cuevas, Sining

    (Asian Development Bank)

Abstract

This paper identifies key determinants of individual, school, and quality of education outcomes and examines related policies, strategies, and project intervention to recommend reforms or possible reorientation. Two sets of data were used: (i) data on school resources and outputs from the administrative reporting systems of the Department of Education; and (ii) the 2002, 2004, and 2007 Annual Poverty Indicator Surveys. Analysis of individual, school, and quality of education outcomes showed that although school resources such as pupil–teacher ratio is a key determinant for both individual and school outcomes, and that per capita miscellaneous operating and other expenses are significant factors in determining quality of education outcome, socioeconomic characteristics are stronger determinants. Children of families in the lower-income deciles and with less educated household heads are vulnerable and less likely to attend school. Girls have better odds of attending school than boys. Working children, especially males, are less likely to attend secondary school. On the basis of these results, recommendations in the areas of policy and programs are discussed to help address further deterioration, reverse the declining trend, and/or sustain gains so far in improving basic education system performance outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • S. Maligalig, Dalisay & B. Caoli-Rodriguez, Rhona & Martinez, Jr., Arturo & Cuevas, Sining, 2010. "Education Outcomes in the Philippines," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 199, Asian Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:0199
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Pablo Acosta & Takiko Igarashi & Rosechin Olfindo & Jan Rutkowski, 2017. "Developing Socioemotional Skills for the Philippines' Labor Market," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 28381.
    2. Francisco, Kris A., 2017. "The Impacts of Roll-On/Roll-Off Transport System in the Philippines," Discussion Papers DP 2017-22, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    3. Jose Ramon G. Albert & Andre Philippe Ramos, 2010. "Trends in Household Vulnerability," Development Economics Working Papers 22805, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    4. Jesster P. Eduardo & Arneil G. Gabriel, 2021. "Indigenous Peoples and the Right to Education: The Dumagat Experience in the Provinces of Nueva Ecija and Aurora, in the Philippines," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, May.
    5. Jona J. Gabana & Dennis V. Madrigal, 2021. "A Glimpse into the Lives of Transferring Private School Students to a State College," Technium Social Sciences Journal, Technium Science, vol. 20(1), pages 50-60, June.
    6. Albert, Jose Ramon G. & Ramos, Andre Philippe & Quimba, Francis Mark A. & Almeda, Jocelyn P., 2012. "Profile of Out-of-School Children in the Philippines," Discussion Papers DP 2012-01, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    7. Abdullah Bataineh, 2019. "The International Role in Mitigating the Syria Crisis Impact on Education Quality in Jordan," Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS), , vol. 8(3), pages 434-455, July.
    8. Francisco, Kris A. & Tanaka, Makoto, 2019. "Does public infrastructure affect human capital? The effect of improved transport connectivity on children's education in the Philippines," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    9. Albert, Jose Ramon G. & David, Clarissa C., 2012. "Primary Education: Barriers to Entry and Bottlenecks to Completion," Discussion Papers DP 2012-07, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.

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