IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pre/wpaper/202218.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Herding in International REITs Markets around the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Keagile Lesame

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa)

  • Geoffrey Ngene

    (Stetson School of Business and Economics, Mercer University, Georgia 31207, USA)

  • Rangan Gupta

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa)

  • Elie Bouri

    (School of Business, Lebanese American University, Lebanon)

Abstract

This paper investigates whether investors in international Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) markets engage in herding behaviour due to the economic uncertainty induced by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Using a comprehensive sample of 27 countries encompassing both developed and emerging markets, the results show consistent evidence of herding formation in international REITs markets based on both static and time-varying estimates. International herding is mainly driven by herding in developed market REITs. Further analysis provides a direct evidence showing that herding in REITs markets during the pandemic resulted from the economic uncertainty brought on by the global health crisis. A quantile-on-quantile regression reveals that higher uncertainty associated with COVID-19 pandemic intensifies herding.

Suggested Citation

  • Keagile Lesame & Geoffrey Ngene & Rangan Gupta & Elie Bouri, 2022. "Herding in International REITs Markets around the COVID-19 Pandemic," Working Papers 202218, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202218
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.up.ac.za/media/shared/61/WP/wp_2022_18.zp218647.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hoesli, Martin & Oikarinen, Elias, 2012. "Are REITs real estate? Evidence from international sector level data," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(7), pages 1823-1850.
    2. Chang, Eric C. & Cheng, Joseph W. & Khorana, Ajay, 2000. "An examination of herd behavior in equity markets: An international perspective," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(10), pages 1651-1679, October.
    3. Elie Bouri & Riza Demirer & Rangan Gupta & Jacobus Nel, 2021. "COVID-19 Pandemic and Investor Herding in International Stock Markets," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-11, September.
    4. Jian Zhou & Randy Anderson, 2013. "An Empirical Investigation of Herding Behavior in the U.S. REIT Market," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 83-108, July.
    5. Larry G. Epstein & Martin Schneider, 2008. "Ambiguity, Information Quality, and Asset Pricing," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(1), pages 197-228, February.
    6. Zhang, Dayong & Hu, Min & Ji, Qiang, 2020. "Financial markets under the global pandemic of COVID-19," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    7. Avery, Christopher & Zemsky, Peter, 1998. "Multidimensional Uncertainty and Herd Behavior in Financial Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 88(4), pages 724-748, September.
    8. Sushil Bikhchandani & Sunil Sharma, 2001. "Herd Behavior in Financial Markets," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 47(3), pages 1-1.
    9. Altig, Dave & Baker, Scott & Barrero, Jose Maria & Bloom, Nicholas & Bunn, Philip & Chen, Scarlet & Davis, Steven J. & Leather, Julia & Meyer, Brent & Mihaylov, Emil & Mizen, Paul & Parker, Nicholas &, 2020. "Economic uncertainty before and during the COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    10. Scott R. Baker & Nicholas Bloom & Steven J. Davis & Stephen J. Terry, 2020. "COVID-Induced Economic Uncertainty," NBER Working Papers 26983, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Economou, Fotini & Katsikas, Epameinondas & Vickers, Gregory, 2016. "Testing for herding in the Athens Stock Exchange during the crisis period," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 334-341.
    12. Nafeesa Yunus & J. Hansz & Paul Kennedy, 2012. "Dynamic Interactions Between Private and Public Real Estate Markets: Some International Evidence," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 45(4), pages 1021-1040, November.
    13. Geoffrey M. Ngene & Daniel P. Sohn & M. Kabir Hassan, 2017. "Time-Varying and Spatial Herding Behavior in the US Housing Market: Evidence from Direct Housing Prices," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 54(4), pages 482-514, May.
    14. Bikhchandani, Sushil & Hirshleifer, David & Welch, Ivo, 1992. "A Theory of Fads, Fashion, Custom, and Cultural Change in Informational Cascades," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 100(5), pages 992-1026, October.
    15. Caggiano, Giovanni & Castelnuovo, Efrem & Kima, Richard, 2020. "The global effects of Covid-19-induced uncertainty," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    16. Omokolade Akinsomi & Yener Coskun & Rangan Gupta & Chi Keung Marco Lau, 2016. "Impact of Volatility and Equity Market Uncertainty on Herd Behavior: Evidence from UK REITs," Working Papers 201688, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    17. Balcilar, Mehmet & Demirer, Rıza & Hammoudeh, Shawkat, 2014. "What drives herding in oil-rich, developing stock markets? Relative roles of own volatility and global factors," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 418-440.
    18. M. Humayun Kabir, 2018. "Did Investors Herd during the Financial Crisis? Evidence from the US Financial Industry," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 18(1), pages 59-90, March.
    19. Clements, Adam & Hurn, Stan & Shi, Shuping, 2017. "An empirical investigation of herding in the U.S. stock market," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 184-192.
    20. Balcilar, Mehmet & Demirer, Rıza & Hammoudeh, Shawkat, 2013. "Investor herds and regime-switching: Evidence from Gulf Arab stock markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 295-321.
    21. Goodell, John W., 2020. "COVID-19 and finance: Agendas for future research," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    22. Vinod Chandrashekaran, 1999. "Time-Series Properties and Diversification Benefits of REIT Returns," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 17(1), pages 91-112.
    23. repec:arz:wpaper:eres2012-232 is not listed on IDEAS
    24. Ferreruela, Sandra & Mallor, Tania, 2021. "Herding in the bad times: The 2008 and COVID-19 crises," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    25. Sim, Nicholas & Zhou, Hongtao, 2015. "Oil prices, US stock return, and the dependence between their quantiles," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1-8.
    26. Jing-zhi Huang & Zhaodong Zhong, 2013. "Time Variation in Diversification Benefits of Commodity, REITs, and TIPS," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 46(1), pages 152-192, January.
    27. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2020_011 is not listed on IDEAS
    28. Black, Fischer, 1972. "Capital Market Equilibrium with Restricted Borrowing," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 45(3), pages 444-455, July.
    29. Babalos, Vassilios & Balcilar, Mehmet & Gupta, Rangan, 2015. "Herding behavior in real estate markets: Novel evidence from a Markov-switching model," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 40-43.
    30. Philippas, Nikolaos & Economou, Fotini & Babalos, Vassilios & Kostakis, Alexandros, 2013. "Herding behavior in REITs: Novel tests and the role of financial crisis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 166-174.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dutta, Anupam & Park, Donghyun & Uddin, Gazi Salah & Kanjilal, Kakali & Ghosh, Sajal, 2024. "Do dirty and clean energy investments react to infectious disease-induced uncertainty?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Puput Tri Komalasari & Marwan Asri & Bernardinus M. Purwanto & Bowo Setiyono, 2022. "Herding behaviour in the capital market: What do we know and what is next?," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 72(3), pages 745-787, September.
    2. Youssef, Mouna & Mokni, Khaled, 2018. "On the effect of herding behavior on dependence structure between stock markets: Evidence from GCC countries," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 52-63.
    3. Geoffrey M. Ngene & Rangan Gupta, 2021. "Impact of Housing Policy Uncertainty on Herding Behavior: Evidence from UK's Regional Housing Markets," Working Papers 202115, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    4. Arjoon, Vaalmikki & Bhatnagar, Chandra Shekhar & Ramlakhan, Prakash, 2020. "Herding in the Singapore stock Exchange," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    5. Omokolade Akinsomi & Mehmet Balcilar & Rıza Demirer & Rangan Gupta, 2017. "The effect of gold market speculation on REIT returns in South Africa: a behavioral perspective," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 41(4), pages 774-793, October.
    6. Indārs, Edgars Rihards & Savin, Aliaksei & Lublóy, Ágnes, 2019. "Herding behaviour in an emerging market: Evidence from the Moscow Exchange," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 468-487.
    7. Demirer, Rıza & Lee, Hsiang-Tai & Lien, Donald, 2015. "Does the stock market drive herd behavior in commodity futures markets?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 32-44.
    8. Yarovaya, Larisa & Matkovskyy, Roman & Jalan, Akanksha, 2021. "The effects of a “black swan” event (COVID-19) on herding behavior in cryptocurrency markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    9. Chang, Chia-Lin & McAleer, Michael & Wang, Yu-Ann, 2020. "Herding behaviour in energy stock markets during the Global Financial Crisis, SARS, and ongoing COVID-19," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    10. BenMabrouk, Houda & Litimi, Houda, 2018. "Cross herding between American industries and the oil market," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 196-205.
    11. Cakan, Esin & Demiralay, Sercan & Ulusoy, Veysel, 2021. "Oil Prices and Firm Returns in an Emerging Market," American Business Review, Pompea College of Business, University of New Haven, vol. 24(1), pages 166-187, May.
    12. Godfred Aawaar & Nicholas Addai Boamah & Joseph Oscar Akotey, 2020. "Investor herd behaviour in Africa s emerging and frontier markets," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 10(6), pages 194-205.
    13. Guney, Yilmaz & Kallinterakis, Vasileios & Komba, Gabriel, 2017. "Herding in frontier markets: Evidence from African stock exchanges," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 152-175.
    14. Mouna Youssef & Khaled Mokni, 2023. "Herding behavior in stock markets of oil-importing and oil-exporting countries: the role of oil price," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 24(1), pages 44-58, February.
    15. Demirer, Rıza & Kutan, Ali M. & Zhang, Huacheng, 2014. "Do ADR investors herd?: Evidence from advanced and emerging markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 138-148.
    16. Kizys, Renatas & Tzouvanas, Panagiotis & Donadelli, Michael, 2021. "From COVID-19 herd immunity to investor herding in international stock markets: The role of government and regulatory restrictions," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    17. Oi-Ping Chong & A.N. Bany-Ariffin & Annuar Md Nassir & Junaina Muhammad, 2019. "An Empirical Study of Herding Behaviour in China’s A-Share and B-Share Markets: Evidence of Bidirectional Herding Activities," Capital Markets Review, Malaysian Finance Association, vol. 27(2), pages 37-57.
    18. Yi-Chang Chen & Hung-Che Wu & Jen-Jsung Huang, 2017. "Herd Behavior and Rational Expectations: A Test of China's Market Using Quantile Regression," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 7(2), pages 649-663.
    19. Vassilios Babalos & Mehmet Balcilar & Rangan Gupta, 2014. "Revisiting Herding Behavior in REITs: A Regime-Switching Approach," Working Papers 201448, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    20. Omokolade Akinsomi & Yener Coskun & Rangan Gupta & Chi Keung Marco Lau, 2016. "Impact of Volatility and Equity Market Uncertainty on Herd Behavior: Evidence from UK REITs," Working Papers 201688, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    International REITs; Herding; COVID-19; Quantile-on-Quantile Regression; Probit Model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • R3 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202218. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Rangan Gupta (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/decupza.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.