IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/3190.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Incorporating default risk into Hamada's Equation for application to capital structure

Author

Listed:
  • Cohen, Ruben D

Abstract

Implemented widely in the area of corporate finance, Hamada’s Equation enables one to separate the financial risk of a levered firm from its business risk. The relationship, which results from combining the Modigliani-Miller capital structuring theorems with the Capital Asset Pricing Model, is used extensively in practice, as well as in academia, to help determine the levered beta and, through it, the optimal capital structure of corporate firms. Despite its regular use in the industry, it is acknowledged that the equation does not incorporate the impact of default risk and, thus, credit spread - an inherent component within every levered institution. Several attempts have been made so far to correct this, but, for one reason or another, they all seem to have their faults. This, of course, presents a major setback, as there is a strong need, especially by practitioners, to have in place a solid methodology to enable them to assess a firm’s capital structure in a consistent manner. This work addresses the issue and provides a robust modification to Hamada’s Equation, which achieves this consistency.

Suggested Citation

  • Cohen, Ruben D, 2007. "Incorporating default risk into Hamada's Equation for application to capital structure," MPRA Paper 3190, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:3190
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3190/1/MPRA_paper_3190.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hamada, Robert S, 1972. "The Effect of the Firm's Capital Structure on the Systematic Risk of Common Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 27(2), pages 435-452, May.
    2. Gonzalez, Nestor & Litzenberger, Robert & Rolfo, Jacques, 1977. "On Mean Variance Models of Capital Structure and the Absurdity of Their Predictions," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 12(2), pages 165-179, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. repec:ath:journl:tome:31:v:3:y:2013:i:31:p:75-84 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Piyapas Tharavanij, 2021. "Optimal Book-Value Debt Ratio," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440209, February.
    3. Sarmiento-Sabogal, Julio & Sadeghi, Mehdi, 2014. "Unlevered betas and the cost of equity capital: An empirical approach," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 90-105.
    4. Hayette Gatfaoui, 2010. "Capital Asset Pricing Model," Post-Print hal-00589904, HAL.
    5. Peter Reichling & Anastasiia Zbandut, 2017. "Costs of capital under credit risk," FEMM Working Papers 170003, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Faculty of Economics and Management.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Groh, Alexander P. & Gottschalg, Oliver, 2009. "The opportunity cost of capital of US buyouts," IESE Research Papers D/780, IESE Business School.
    2. Clark, Brian & Jones, Jonathan & Malmquist, David, 2023. "Leverage and the cost of capital for U.S. banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    3. Hikmet Akyol & Selim Basar, 2024. "Empirical Analysis of Turkish Banking Sector Institutional and Macroeconomic Determinants of Risks," Istanbul Journal of Economics-Istanbul Iktisat Dergisi, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 73(74-1), pages 59-98, June.
    4. Hsieh, Su-Jane & Liu, Shuming, 2021. "The cost-of-equity implications of off-balance sheet pension liabilities," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(1).
    5. Wang, Zhimin & Ettinger, Marilyn & Xie, Yuying & Xu, Li, 2020. "The cost of capital: U.S.-based multinational corporations versus U.S. domestic corporations," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    6. Core, John E. & Schrand, Catherine M., 1999. "The effect of accounting-based debt covenants on equity valuation1," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 1-34, February.
    7. Minasyan, Vigen, 2013. "Investigation of Iterative Algorithms for Evaluation of Capital Structure and Cost," MPRA Paper 54383, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Martin Lally, 2004. "Betas and Industry Weights," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 29(1), pages 109-120, June.
    9. Robinson, Leslie A. & Sansing, Richard, 2008. "The effect of "invisible" tax preferences on investment and tax preference measures," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(2-3), pages 389-404, December.
    10. Fernandez, Pablo, 2003. "Levered and unlevered Beta," IESE Research Papers D/488, IESE Business School.
    11. Jang Youn Cho, 1994. "Determinants Of Earnings‐Price Ratios: A Reexamination," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 3(2), pages 105-120, March.
    12. Steven Toms, 2014. "Accounting-based Risk Management and the Capital Asset Pricing Model: An Empirical Comparison," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 24(2), pages 127-133, June.
    13. Christian Calmès & Raymond Théoret, 2012. "The procyclicality of Basel III leverage: Elasticity-based indicators and the Kalman filter," RePAd Working Paper Series UQO-DSA-wp012012, Département des sciences administratives, UQO.
    14. Carl Chiarella & Toan Pham & Ah Boon Sim & Madeleine Tan, 1991. "Determinants of Corporate Capital Structure: Australian Evidence," Working Paper Series 3, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    15. Dewandaru, Ginanjar & Bacha, Obiyathulla Ismath & Masih, A. Mansur M. & Masih, Rumi, 2015. "Risk-return characteristics of Islamic equity indices: Multi-timescales analysis," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 115-138.
    16. Barnes, Michelle L. & Lopez, Jose A., 2006. "Alternative measures of the Federal Reserve Banks' cost of equity capital," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(6), pages 1687-1711, June.
    17. el Alaoui, AbdelKader & Masih, Mansur & Bacha, Obiyathulla & Asutay, Mehmet, 2014. "Leverage, Sensitivity to Market Risk and Contagion: A Multi-Country Analysis for Shari’ah(Islamic) Stock Screening," MPRA Paper 57685, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Saci, Fateh & Jasimuddin, Sajjad M., 2021. "Does the research done by the institutional investors affect the cost of equity capital?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).
    19. Maretno Agus Harjoto, 2017. "Corporate social responsibility and degrees of operating and financial leverage," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 49(2), pages 487-513, August.
    20. Aabo, Tom & Pantzalis, Christos & Sørensen, Helle & Toustrup, Malene Teilmann, 2016. "Corporate risk and external sourcing: A study of Scandinavian multinational firms," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 1297-1308.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    corporate finance; capital structure; optimal leverage; debt; equity; Modigliani-Miller; Hamada's Equation; beta;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:3190. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.