IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/124158.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Short‐run and long‐run determinants of exchange rate fluctuations: A tale of the Dollar and the Naira

Author

Listed:
  • Evans, Olaniyi

Abstract

The study provides evidence on the effects of changes in oil price, inflation, interest rate, budget balance, economic growth, external debt, domestic investment, and current account balance on exchange rate fluctuations in using the ARDL approach for the period 1970-2015 for the case of the Naira and Dollar. The study shows that changes in oil price, inflation, the current account and domestic investment have significant effects on exchange rate fluctuations both in the short and long run. Changes in external debt has significant effects on exchange rate fluctuations only in the long run. Changes in interest rate, budget balance and economic growth have significant effects on exchange rate only in the short run. In other words, a significant proportion of the high volatility of exchange rate in Nigeria is as a result of changes in oil price, inflation, interest rate, budget balance, economic growth, external debt, domestic investment, and current account balance. The logical conclusion is that in order to stabilize exchange rate in Nigeria, measures should be aimed at diversifying the economy, improving the current account position as well as reducing inflation.

Suggested Citation

  • Evans, Olaniyi, 2025. "Short‐run and long‐run determinants of exchange rate fluctuations: A tale of the Dollar and the Naira," MPRA Paper 124158, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:124158
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/124158/1/MPRA_paper_124158.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. N. Bloom, 2016. "Fluctuations in uncertainty," Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP Voprosy Ekonomiki, issue 4.
    2. Mehmet Balcilar & Rangan Gupta & Clement Kyei & Mark E. Wohar, 2016. "Does Economic Policy Uncertainty Predict Exchange Rate Returns and Volatility? Evidence from a Nonparametric Causality-in-Quantiles Test," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 229-250, April.
    3. Cheung, Yin-Wong & Chinn, Menzie D. & Pascual, Antonio Garcia & Zhang, Yi, 2019. "Exchange rate prediction redux: New models, new data, new currencies," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 332-362.
    4. Bacchetta, Philippe & van Wincoop, Eric, 2013. "On the unstable relationship between exchange rates and macroeconomic fundamentals," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 18-26.
    5. Dai, Mi & Xu, Jianwei, 2017. "Firm-specific exchange rate shocks and employment adjustment: Evidence from China," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 54-66.
    6. Ca’ Zorzi, Michele & Kolasa, Marcin & Rubaszek, Michał, 2017. "Exchange rate forecasting with DSGE models," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 127-146.
    7. Xavier Gabaix & Matteo Maggiori, 2015. "International Liquidity and Exchange Rate Dynamics," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 130(3), pages 1369-1420.
    8. Evans, Olaniyi, 2013. "The Monetary Model of Exchange Rate in Nigeria: an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Approach," MPRA Paper 52457, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Chun Jiang & Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee & Tsangyao Chang, 2015. "Revisiting Purchasing Power Parity in OECD," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(40), pages 4323-4334, August.
    10. Stefan Avdjiev & Valentina Bruno & Catherine Koch & Hyun Song Shin, 2019. "The Dollar Exchange Rate as a Global Risk Factor: Evidence from Investment," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 67(1), pages 151-173, March.
    11. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    12. Shiu-Sheng Chen and Kai-Wei Hsu, 2013. "Oil Price Volatility and Bilateral Trade," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 1).
    13. Phylaktis, Kate & Ravazzolo, Fabiola, 2005. "Stock prices and exchange rate dynamics," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(7), pages 1031-1053, November.
    14. Subrata Ghatak & Jalal Siddiki, 2001. "The use of the ARDL approach in estimating virtual exchange rates in India," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(5), pages 573-583.
    15. Shiu-Sheng Chen & Kai-Wei Hsu, 2013. "Oil Price Volatility and Bilateral Trade," The Energy Journal, , vol. 34(1), pages 207-230, January.
    16. Bentzen, Jan & Engsted, Tom, 2001. "A revival of the autoregressive distributed lag model in estimating energy demand relationships," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 45-55.
    17. Evans Olaniyi, 2017. "Back to the Land: The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Agriculture in Nigeria," Iranian Economic Review (IER), Faculty of Economics,University of Tehran.Tehran,Iran, vol. 21(4), pages 885-903, Autumn.
    18. F. V. Vieira & M. Holland & C. Gomes da Silva & L. C. Bottecchia, 2013. "Growth and exchange rate volatility: a panel data analysis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(26), pages 3733-3741, September.
    19. Beckmann, Joscha & Czudaj, Robert, 2017. "The impact of uncertainty on professional exchange rate forecasts," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(PB), pages 296-316.
    20. ODUSOLA, Ayodele & AKINLO, Anthony, 2001. "Output, Inflation, And Exchange Rate In Developing Countries: An Application To Nigeria," UNDP Africa Economists Working Papers 307343, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
    21. Mustapha A. Akinkunmi, 2017. "Rebound Effects of Exchange Rate and Central Bank Interventions in Selected ECOWAS Countries," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 7(3), pages 489-500.
    22. Menzie Chinn, 2006. "A Primer on Real Effective Exchange Rates: Determinants, Overvaluation, Trade Flows and Competitive Devaluation," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 115-143, January.
    23. Hanan Morsy, 2012. "Current Account Determinants for Oil-Exporting Countries," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(3), pages 122-133, March.
    24. Levent Bulut, 2018. "Google Trends and the forecasting performance of exchange rate models," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 37(3), pages 303-315, April.
    25. Md Rafayet Alam & Scott D. Gilbert, 2019. "Importance Of Real And Nominal Shocks In Us Macroeconomic And Exchange Rate Fluctuations," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 53(4), pages 129-138, Fall.
    26. Takatoshi Ito & Anne O. Krueger, 1999. "Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Developing Countries: Theory, Practice, and Policy Issues," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number ito_99-1, June.
    27. Isaac Nwaogwugwu & Olaniyi Evans, 2016. "A Sectoral Analysis Of Fiscal And Monetary Actions In Nigeria," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 50(4), pages 211-229, October-D.
    28. Jeffrey A. Frankel., 1987. "Monetary and Portfolio Balance Models of Exchange Rate Determination," Economics Working Papers 8752, University of California at Berkeley.
    29. Pablo Duarte & Gunther Schnabl, 2015. "Macroeconomic Policy Making, Exchange Rate Adjustment and Current Account Imbalances in Emerging Markets," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(3), pages 531-544, August.
    30. Serena Ng & Pierre Perron, 2001. "LAG Length Selection and the Construction of Unit Root Tests with Good Size and Power," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 69(6), pages 1519-1554, November.
    31. Adeolu O. Adewuyi & Godwin Akpokodje, 2013. "Exchange Rate Volatility and Economic Activities of Africa's Sub-Groups," The International Trade Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(4), pages 349-384, September.
    32. Takatoshi Ito & Anne O. Krueger, 1999. "Introduction to "Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Development Countries: Theory, Practice, and Policy Issues (NBER-EASE volume 7)"," NBER Chapters, in: Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Developing Countries: Theory, Practice, and Policy Issues, pages 1-8, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    33. A. Almasri & K. Månsson & P. Sjölander & G. Shukur, 2017. "A wavelet-based panel unit-root test in the presence of an unknown structural break and cross-sectional dependency, with an application of purchasing power parity theory in developing countries," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(21), pages 2096-2105, May.
    34. Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee & Tsangyao Chang & Shu-Ching Cheng & Tsung-Pao Wu, 2015. "Revisiting purchasing power parity in major oil-exporting countries," Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1-2), pages 108-116, July.
    35. Bergstrand, Jeffrey H, 1991. "Structural Determinants of Real Exchange Rates and National Price Levels: Some Empirical Evidence," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 81(1), pages 325-334, March.
    36. Joscha Beckmann & Dionysius Glycopantis & Keith Pilbeam, 2018. "The dollar–euro exchange rate and monetary fundamentals," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 54(4), pages 1389-1410, June.
    37. Saibu Olufemi Muibi & Alenoghena Raymond Osi & Olaniyi Evans & Tewogbade Seun, 2016. "Determinants of Stock Trading Volume in Nigeria: Money Demand Approach," Journal of Empirical Economics, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 5(2), pages 74-89.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stijn Claessens & M Ayhan Kose, 2017. "Asset prices and macroeconomic outcomes: a survey," BIS Working Papers 676, Bank for International Settlements.
    2. Stijn Claessens & M Ayhan Kose, 2018. "Frontiers of macrofinancial linkages," BIS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 95.
    3. Evans, Olaniyi & Kelikume, Ikechukwu, 2018. "The Effects of Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, Aid, Remittances and Tourism on Welfare under Terrorism and Militancy," MPRA Paper 93684, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Cheung, Yin-Wong & Wang, Wenhao, 2022. "Uncovered interest rate parity redux: Non-uniform effects," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 133-151.
    5. Rafindadi, Abdulkadir Abdulrashid, 2016. "Revisiting the concept of environmental Kuznets curve in period of energy disaster and deteriorating income: Empirical evidence from Japan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 274-284.
    6. Kyophilavong, Phouphet & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Kim, Byoungki & OH, Jeong-Soo, 2017. "A note on the electricity-growth nexus in Lao PDR," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 1251-1260.
    7. Evans Olaniyi, 2017. "Back to the Land: The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Agriculture in Nigeria," Iranian Economic Review (IER), Faculty of Economics,University of Tehran.Tehran,Iran, vol. 21(4), pages 885-903, Autumn.
    8. Bouoiyour, Jamal & Selmi, Refk & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2015. "The nexus between oil price and Russia's real exchange rate: Better paths via unconditional vs conditional analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 54-66.
    9. Svatopluk Kapounek & Zuzana Kučerová & Evžen Kočenda, 2022. "Selective Attention in Exchange Rate Forecasting," Journal of Behavioral Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(2), pages 210-229, May.
    10. Biru Paul & Md. Uddin & Abdullah Noman, 2011. "Remittances and output in Bangladesh: an ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 58(2), pages 229-242, June.
    11. Sari, Ramazan & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Soytas, Ugur, 2010. "Dynamics of oil price, precious metal prices, and exchange rate," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 351-362, March.
    12. Md. Qamruzzaman & Rajnish Kler, 2023. "Do Clean Energy and Financial Innovation Induce SME Performance? Clarifying the Nexus between Financial Innovation, Technological Innovation, Clean Energy, Environmental Degradation, and SMEs Performa," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(3), pages 313-324, May.
    13. Phouphet Kyophilavong & Gazi Salah Uddin & Muhammad Shahbaz, 2016. "The Nexus between Financial Development and Economic Growth in Lao PDR," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 17(2), pages 303-317, April.
    14. Bimal Sahoo & D. Nauriyal, 2014. "Determinants of software exports from India," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 11(4), pages 455-479, December.
    15. Fabien Candau & Michaël Goujon & Jean-François Hoarau & Serge Rey, 2014. "Real exchange rate and competitiveness of an EU's ultra-peripheral region: La Reunion Island," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 137, pages 1-21.
    16. Abdulkadir Abdulrashid Rafindadi & Isah Buhari Aliyu & Ojonugwa Usman, 2022. "Revisiting the electricity consumption-led growth hypothesis: is the rule defied in France?," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 11(1), pages 1-23, December.
    17. Sui, Lu & Sun, Lijuan, 2016. "Spillover effects between exchange rates and stock prices: Evidence from BRICS around the recent global financial crisis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 459-471.
    18. Phouphet Kyophilavong & Muhammad Shahbaz & Gazi Salah Uddin, 2015. "A Note on Nominal and Real Devaluation in Laos," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 16(2), pages 236-243, April.
    19. Jayaraman, T.K. & Choong, Chee-Keong, 2009. "Growth and oil price: A study of causal relationships in small Pacific Island countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2182-2189, June.
    20. Phouphet KYOPHILAVONG & Gazi Salah Uddin & Muhammad Shahbaz, 2014. "The Nexus Between Financial Development and Economic Growth in Laos," Working Papers 2014-447, Department of Research, Ipag Business School.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Naira-Dollar exchange rate fluctuations; Oil Price; Debt; Inflation; Interest; Growth; Investment; Budget; Current Account; ARDL;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F4 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • M2 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Economics
    • M21 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Economics - - - Business Economics

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:124158. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.