IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/107998.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Δημοκρατικότητα Και Μη Συμβατικά Μέτρα Της Κεντρικής Τράπεζας; Μια Ιστορική Θεώρηση Της Αμερικανικής Πιστωτικής Πολιτικής Σε Σχέση Με Την Ανισοκατανομή Εισοδήματος
[How democratic are the unconventional measures of the central bank? A Historical View of US Credit Policy in Relation to Income Inequality]

Author

Listed:
  • Economou, Emmanouel/Marios/Lazaros

Abstract

Το παρόν άρθρο πραγματοποιεί μια ιστορική αναδρομή αναφορικά με τις μεταβολές της νομισματικής πολιτικής στις ΗΠΑ μέσα από τις επιτυχημένες ή μη πολιτικές της κεντρικής τράπεζας που η χώρα βίωσε με τη Μεγάλη Ύφεση του 1929 αλλά και την πρόσφατη χρηματοπιστωτική κρίση του 2008, επιχειρώντας την εξαγωγή χρήσιμων συμπερασμάτων. Στόχος της ανάλυσης είναι η συσχέτιση της δημοκρατικότητας στη λήψη αποφάσεων με τη δημιουργία ανισοτήτων μεταξύ των οικονομικών μονάδων λόγω της διαφορετικής εφαρμογής νομισματικής πολιτικής. Διεξάγεται μια κριτική θεώρηση των νομισματικών συστημάτων πρόσδεσης με τον χρυσό και της πρόσφατης πολιτικής ποσοτικής χαλάρωσης. Η ανάλυση καταλήγει στο ότι ενώ υπάρχουν επιχειρήματα υπέρ και κατά της άποψης υπέρ της ποσοτικής χαλάρωσης ή της επιστροφής σε μια εκδοχή του κανόνα του χρυσού, η εφαρμογή του τελευταίου είναι πολύ δύσκολο να εφαρμοστεί στην πράξη, κυρίως όταν μια οικονομία βρίσκεται σε φάση ύφεσης. Επιπλέον, η εφαρμογή ποσοτικής χαλάρωσης ή πολιτικών διάσωσης μεγάλων τραπεζών και ασφαλιστικών εταιριών, που συνοδεύεται με αυξημένες φορολογικές επιπτώσεις στους πολίτες θα πρέπει να συνδυάζεται με ζητήματα διαφάνειας και δημοκρατικότητας ως προς την λήψη πολιτικών αποφάσεων με οικονομικό υπόβαθρο.

Suggested Citation

  • Economou, Emmanouel/Marios/Lazaros, 2016. "Δημοκρατικότητα Και Μη Συμβατικά Μέτρα Της Κεντρικής Τράπεζας; Μια Ιστορική Θεώρηση Της Αμερικανικής Πιστωτικής Πολιτικής Σε Σχέση Με Την Ανισοκατανομή Εισοδήματος [How democratic are the unconvent," MPRA Paper 107998, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:107998
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/107998/1/MPRA_paper_107998.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Barro, Robert J. & Gordon, David B., 1983. "Rules, discretion and reputation in a model of monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 101-121.
    2. Calvo, Guillermo A, 1978. "On the Time Consistency of Optimal Policy in a Monetary Economy," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(6), pages 1411-1428, November.
    3. George C. Bitros, 2015. "Thinking Ahead of the Next Big Crash," Cato Journal, Cato Journal, Cato Institute, vol. 35(1), pages 67-93, Winter.
    4. Henry C. Simons, 1936. "Rules versus Authorities in Monetary Policy," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 44(1), pages 1-1.
    5. John B. Taylor, 1999. "A Historical Analysis of Monetary Policy Rules," NBER Chapters, in: Monetary Policy Rules, pages 319-348, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Robert J. Barro, 1998. "Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262522543, April.
    7. Perry Mehrling, 2010. "The New Lombard Street: How the Fed Became the Dealer of Last Resort," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 9298.
    8. Robert J. Shiller, 2015. "Irrational Exuberance," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 3, number 10421.
    9. R. A. Mundell, 2000. "Erratum: A Reconsideration of the Twentieth Century," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(5), pages 1535-1535, December.
    10. Daron Acemoglu & Simon Johnson, 2005. "Unbundling Institutions," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 113(5), pages 949-995, October.
    11. Eichengreen, Barry, 1996. "Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919-1939," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195101133.
    12. John B. Taylor, 1999. "Monetary Policy Rules," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number tayl99-1.
    13. Robert A. Mundell, 2000. "A Reconsideration of the Twentieth Century," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(3), pages 327-340, June.
    14. James M. Buchanan, 2010. "The Constitutionalization of Money," Cato Journal, Cato Journal, Cato Institute, vol. 30(2), pages 251-258, Spring.
    15. Kydland, Finn E & Prescott, Edward C, 1977. "Rules Rather Than Discretion: The Inconsistency of Optimal Plans," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 85(3), pages 473-491, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Economou, Emmanouel/Marios/Lazaros & Nickos, Kyriazis & Papadamou, Stephanos, 2017. "How effective quantitative easing is in relation to the Gold Standard? A historical approach based on the US experience," MPRA Paper 76184, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Singleton,John, 2010. "Central Banking in the Twentieth Century," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521899093, January.
    3. Jorge Enrique Restrepo Londono, 1998. "Reglas monetarias en una economía pequena y abierta," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 17(33), pages 61-84, July.
    4. Peter Isard & Douglas Laxton & Ann-Charlotte Eliasson, 1999. "Simple Monetary Policy Rules Under Model Uncertainty," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 6(4), pages 537-577, November.
    5. Jean-Bernard Chatelain & Kirsten Ralf, 2020. "How macroeconomists lost control of stabilization policy: towards dark ages," The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(6), pages 938-982, November.
    6. Donato Masciandaro, 2023. "How Elastic and Predictable Money Should Be: Flexible Monetary Policy Rules from the Great Moderation to the New Normal Times (1993-2023)," BAFFI CAREFIN Working Papers 23196, BAFFI CAREFIN, Centre for Applied Research on International Markets Banking Finance and Regulation, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy.
    7. Otmar Issing, 2009. "In search of monetary stability: the evolution of monetary policy," BIS Working Papers 273, Bank for International Settlements.
    8. Feroli, Michael & Greenlaw, David & Hooper, Peter & Mishkin, Frederic S. & Sufi, Amir, 2017. "Language after liftoff: Fed communication away from the zero lower bound," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(3), pages 452-490.
    9. Levine, Paul & Pearlman, Joseph, 2011. "Computation of LQ Approximations to Optimal Policy Problems in Different Information Settings under Zero Lower Bound Constraints," Dynare Working Papers 10, CEPREMAP.
    10. Cristiano Cantore & Vasco J. Gabriel & Paul Levine & Joseph Pearlman & Bo Yang, 2013. "The science and art of DSGE modelling: II – model comparisons, model validation, policy analysis and general discussion," Chapters, in: Nigar Hashimzade & Michael A. Thornton (ed.), Handbook of Research Methods and Applications in Empirical Macroeconomics, chapter 19, pages 441-463, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    11. Rhenals M., Remberto & Saldarriaga, Juan Pablo, 2008. "Una regla de Taylor óptima para Colombia, 1991-2006," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, November.
    12. Philip Arestis & Alexander Mihailov, 2011. "Classifying Monetary Economics: Fields And Methods From Past To Future," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(4), pages 769-800, September.
    13. Otmar Issing, 2010. "The development of monetary policy in the 20th century – some reflections," Working Paper Research 186, National Bank of Belgium.
    14. Stefania Albanesi & V. V. Chari & Lawrence J. Christiano, 2003. "Expectation Traps and Monetary Policy," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 70(4), pages 715-741.
    15. Akhand Akhtar Hossain, 2009. "Central Banking and Monetary Policy in the Asia-Pacific," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 12777.
    16. Andreas Beyer & Vitor Gaspar & Christina Gerberding & Otmar Issing, 2013. "Opting Out of the Great Inflation: German Monetary Policy after the Breakdown of Bretton Woods," NBER Chapters, in: The Great Inflation: The Rebirth of Modern Central Banking, pages 301-346, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Henri Ngoa Tabi & Henri Atangana Ondoa, 2011. "Inflation, Money and Economic Growth in Cameroon," International Journal of Financial Research, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 2(1), pages 45-56, March.
    18. Dennis, Richard, 2004. "Solving for optimal simple rules in rational expectations models," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 28(8), pages 1635-1660, June.
    19. C. Hueng, 2012. "Central Bank Behavior and Statutory Independence," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 40(2), pages 111-126, June.
    20. P Arestis & A Mihailov, 2009. "Flexible Rules cum Constrained Discretion: A New Consensus in Monetary Policy," Economic Issues Journal Articles, Economic Issues, vol. 14(2), pages 27-54, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Ποσοτική χαλάρωση • Κανόνας του Χρυσού • νομισματική πολιτική • ΗΠΑ;

    JEL classification:

    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • N11 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
    • N12 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
    • N21 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - U.S.; Canada: Pre-1913
    • N22 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:107998. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.