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Estimating Long-Run Cointegration between Gold Prices and its Determinants

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  • Siddiqi, Umema

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyse the determinants of gold prices in Pakistan and to deduce long run co-integration between them, if any. The impact of global gold prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, silver prices and stock market performance have been measured on the gold prices in Pakistan. The study utilizes annual time series data of the said variables from 1973 to 2015. Different time series econometric techniques, such as the Unit Root Test using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Johansen Co-integration, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and Granger causality test are used to analyse the long-run relationship among variables. The empirical results reveal that global gold prices, foreign exchange rates, and silver prices significantly affect gold prices in the local market. The results also suggest the existence of a long-run co-integration among the variables under study.

Suggested Citation

  • Siddiqi, Umema, 2021. "Estimating Long-Run Cointegration between Gold Prices and its Determinants," MPRA Paper 103182, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:103182
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Raj Aggarwal & Brian M. Lucey, 2007. "Psychological barriers in gold prices?," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(2), pages 217-230.
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    3. Hendry, David F, 1986. "Econometric Modelling with Cointegrated Variables: An Overview," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 48(3), pages 201-212, August.
    4. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    5. Dirk Baur & Duy Tran, 2014. "The long-run relationship of gold and silver and the influence of bubbles and financial crises," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 1525-1541, December.
    6. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    7. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-1072, June.
    8. Saira Tufail & Sadia Batool, 2013. "An Analysis of the Relationship between Inflation and Gold Prices: Evidence from Pakistan," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 18(2), pages 1-35, July-Dec.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    gold prices; interest rate; foreign exchange rates; cointegration; vecm;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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