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Theories of financial inclusion

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  • Ozili, Peterson K

Abstract

This article presents several theories of financial inclusion. Financial inclusion is the ease of access to, and the availability of, basic financial services to all members of the population. Financial inclusion means that individuals and businesses have access to useful and affordable financial products and services that meet their needs in a responsible and sustainable way. Financial inclusion practices vary from country to country, and there is need to identify the underlying principles or propositions that can explain the observed variation in financial inclusion practices. These set of principles or propositions are called theories. Financial inclusion theories are explanations for observed financial inclusion practices. The study shows that the ideas and perspectives on financial inclusion can be grouped into theories to facilitate meaningful discussions in the literature. The theories are intended to be useful to researchers, academics and practitioners. The resulting contributions to theory development are useful to the problem-solving process in the global financial inclusion agenda.

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  • Ozili, Peterson K, 2020. "Theories of financial inclusion," MPRA Paper 101810, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:101810
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Archillies Kiwanuka & Athenia Bongani Sibindi, 2023. "Insurance Literacy: Significance of Its Dimensions for Insurance Inclusion in Uganda," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-17, January.
    3. Nchofoung, Tii N. & Asongu, Simplice A. & Tchamyou, Vanessa S., 2024. "Gender political inclusion and inclusive finance in Africa," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 48(2).
    4. Nkambule, Maxwell Banele, 2022. "The financial inclusion status of rural households in Eswatini," Research Theses 334766, Collaborative Masters Program in Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    5. Ozili, Peterson K, 2020. "Financial inclusion: a strong critique," MPRA Paper 101813, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Cotugno, Matteo & Manta, Francesco & Perdichizzi, Salvatore & Stefanelli, Valeria, 2024. "Ready for a digital Euro? Insights from a research agenda," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(PA).
    7. Tchouassi, Gérard & Tomo, Christian Parfait, 2022. "Modélisation des effets des réformes institutionnelles sur le développement financier pour la croissance économique en zone CEMAC [Modeling the effects of institutional reforms on financial develop," MPRA Paper 113482, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 17 Jun 2022.
    8. Rosmah Nizam & Siti Fahazarina Hazudin & Malik Cahyadin & Zulkefly Abdul Karim & Rozita Uji Mohammed, 2024. "Construction of Financial Inclusion Index for Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) in Malaysia," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(10), pages 2260-2272, October.
    9. Gupta, Suraksha & Kanungo, Rama Prasad, 2022. "Financial inclusion through digitalisation: Economic viability for the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) segment," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 262-276.
    10. Ha, Le Thanh, 2022. "Effects of digitalization on financialization: Empirical evidence from European countries," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    11. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Chen, Pei-Fen & Chu, Pin-Jie, 2023. "Green recovery through financial inclusion of mobile payment: A study of low- and middle-income Asian countries," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 729-747.
    12. OLARINRE, Abiola Adebunmi & OLADEEBO, Job Olatunji & AJALA, Adedolapo Kemi & JABARU, Muritala Oyedele & Adio, Matthew Olufemi, 2024. "Does Microfinance Participation Affect Food Insecurity? An Empirical Evidence from Fish Farmers in Osun State, Nigeria," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(10), pages 2197-2209, October.
    13. Dyah Titis Kusuma Wardani & Navi'ah Khusniati & Susilo Nur Aji Cokro Darsono, 2023. "Sociodemographic Effects on Financial Inclusion: Implications from Online Transaction in Developing-8 Countriesfrom Online Transaction in Developing-8 Countries Abstract: The world has reached the ind," Economics and Finance in Indonesia, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Indonesia, vol. 69, pages 67-86, Juni.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    financial inclusion; theory; financial access; access to finance; dissatisfaction theory; vulnerable group; systems theory; community echelon; public service; special agent; financial literacy; collaborative intervention; intervention fund; households.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
    • R2 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis

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