Resilience Orientation in National Bioeconomy Policies: A Global Comparative Analysis

Policies to promote the transition from carbon-based to bio-based economies are proliferating around the globe. Meanwhile, concerns are growing about the resilience of bioeconomy, but the attention given to resilience issues in bioeconomy policies has remained underexplored. To address this gap, we conduct a systematic content analysis of the resilience orientation in 78 bioeconomy policy documents across 50 countries. Our descriptive statistical analyses show that more than 60 per cent of the average policy text concerns resilience-related goals or instruments, driven particularly by adaptability and transformability considerations. Our explorative correlational analysis indicates that policy design spac-es characterized by political openness, economic wealth, high arable land shares, low export shares, and limited oil rents might be conducive to high resilience orientation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of resilience concepts in global bioeconomy policy making.