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L'efficacité des banques, structure actionnariale et les réglementations au Vietnam

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  • Mai, Nhat Chi

Abstract

Cette thèse se compose de trois chapitres. Le premier chapitre analyse l'impact de la structure actionnariale et des réformes mises en œuvre dans les années 2000 sur l'efficacité des banques commerciales au Vietnam. Les résultats montrent que l'efficacité diffère selon le type de structure actionnariale ; les banques d'État ont des niveaux d'efficacité plus bas en comparaison avec les banques privées et les banques avec des actionnaires étrangers. Depuis la mise en œuvre de règles minimales de fonds propres plus strictes, la capitalisation des banques a également été un moteur important de l'efficacité de la banque. Le deuxième chapitre traite de la façon dont les banques au Vietnam fixent leurs marges d'intérêt avec un accent particulier sur la structure actionnariale des banques et la réglementation des taux d'intérêt par la banque centrale. Les résultats montrent que seules les banques privées et publiques transfèrent leurs coûts opérationnels à leurs clients. La capitalisation bancaire qui reflète l'aversion au risque des banques est un déterminant significatif pour les banques étrangères et d'Etat uniquement en cas de réglementation des taux d'intérêt; ces banques ont tendance à répercuter le coût élevé du capital sur les clients. Nous montrons aussi que, en l'absence de contrôle des taux d'intérêt, les banques étrangères fixent des marges plus élevées quand elles prennent un risque de crédit plus élevé alors qu'en présence de la réglementation des taux d'intérêt les banques privées font face à un risque de crédit plus élevé sans pouvoir augmenter leur marge en conséquence. Le dernier chapitre étudie l'impact de la politique monétaire et des conditions économiques sur les prêts bancaires pour les différents niveaux de capitalisation des banques. Les résultats indiquent que tous les types de chocs de politique monétaire ont un effet négatif sur les prêts, mais que l'augmentation de la liquidité bancaire conduit à une réduction plus faible de la croissance des prêts. Enfin, les banques dont la capitalisation est plus faible sont moins influencées par le cycle économique.

Suggested Citation

  • Mai, Nhat Chi, 2015. "L'efficacité des banques, structure actionnariale et les réglementations au Vietnam," OSF Preprints rxqn7, Center for Open Science.
  • Handle: RePEc:osf:osfxxx:rxqn7
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/rxqn7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laurent Weill, 2003. "Banking efficiency in transition economies," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 11(3), pages 569-592, September.
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    3. Windmeijer, Frank, 2005. "A finite sample correction for the variance of linear efficient two-step GMM estimators," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 126(1), pages 25-51, May.
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