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Comparing profit shares in value-added in four OECD countries: Towards more harmonised national accounts

Author

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  • Pierre-Alain Pionnier

    (OECD)

  • Emmanuelle Guidetti

Abstract

This article gives methodological guidance on how best to compare the share of profits in value-added across countries using national accounts. Such comparisons are often based on accounts for institutional sectors such as non-financial corporations. It turns out that these are less internationally comparable than is usually assumed. The main issue is the allocation of certain types of self-employed workers to the corporations’ sector of some countries, most notably Germany and Italy. The consequence is that the measured gross operating surplus of corporations is overstated and has to be adjusted for international comparisons. If this is not feasible, it is preferable to rely on industry accounts, focus on a subset of industries and impute a labour compensation to self-employed workers for international comparisons. Profit shares in France, Germany, Italy and the United States are then much more similar than what the accounts for non-financial corporations suggest. The claim of a global increase in the profit share in the last decades is at best debatable for Germany and not backed with the evidence presented in this paper for France and Italy. It is only for the United States that we can confirm such an increase. Cet article décrit d’un point du vue méthodologique comment effectuer des comparaisons internationales du partage de la valeur ajoutée en utilisant au mieux les données de comptabilité nationale. Ces comparaisons reposent souvent sur les comptes de secteurs institutionnels, en particulier les comptes des sociétés non-financières. Or, ceux-ci sont moins comparables d’un pays à l’autre que ce que l’on pense habituellement. Le problème principal est lié à la présence de travailleurs non-salariés dans les comptes des sociétés de certains pays, notamment l’Allemagne et l’Italie. Cela conduit dans ce cas à une surestimation de l’excédent brut d’exploitation et rend nécessaire un ajustement du compte des sociétés pour les comparaisons internationales. Lorsque cet ajustement s’avère impossible à réaliser, nous recommandons d’utiliser les comptes de branches, de restreindre l’analyse à certaines branches et d’imputer une rémunération du travail aux non-salariés pour les comparaisons internationales. Les taux de marge en France, en Allemagne, en Italie et aux États-Unis sont alors plus proches que ce que suggèrent les comptes des sociétés non-financières. L’hypothèse d’une hausse tendancielle du taux de profit sur les dernières décennies est au mieux contestable pour l’Allemagne et invalidée par les données pour la France et l’Italie. C’est uniquement pour les États-Unis que nous sommes en mesure de la confirmer.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre-Alain Pionnier & Emmanuelle Guidetti, 2015. "Comparing profit shares in value-added in four OECD countries: Towards more harmonised national accounts," OECD Statistics Working Papers 2015/3, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:stdaaa:2015/3-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5js0bsm2g0lt-en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Mathilde Pak & Pierre-Alain Pionnier & Cyrille Schwellnus, 2019. "Labour Share Developments in OECD Countries Over the Past Two Decades," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 510-511-5, pages 17-34.
    2. Cyrille Schwellnus & Andreas Kappeler & Pierre-Alain Pionnier, 2017. "The Decoupling of Median Wages from Productivity in OECD Countries," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 32, pages 44-60, Spring.
    3. Germán Gutiérrez & Sophie Piton, 2020. "Revisiting the Global Decline of the (Non-housing) Labor Share," American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, vol. 2(3), pages 321-338, September.
    4. Gilbert Cette & Lorraine Koehl & Thomas Philippon, 2019. "Labor Shares in Some Advanced Economies," NBER Working Papers 26136, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Christian Reiner & Christian Bellak, 2023. "Hat die ökonomische Macht von Unternehmen in Österreich zugenommen? Teil 2," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 49(2), pages 17-76.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    comptes nationaux; distributed income of corporations; national accounts; non-salariés; profit share; quasi-corporations; quasi-sociétés; revenus distribués des sociétés; self-employment; taux de marge;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E01 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth; Environmental Accounts
    • E25 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution
    • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General

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