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Exit at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Empirical Explorations in the Context of Elementary Schooling in Delhi

Author

Listed:
  • Bose, Sukanya

    (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy)

  • Ghosh, Priyanta

    (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy)

  • Sardana, Arvind

    (Eklavya, Madhya Pradesh)

Abstract

The framework of exit and voice, a la Hirschman, is applied to understand the social phenomenon of exit at the bottom of the pyramid. As the dominant groups vote with their feet, the low fee private school (LFPS) is perceived to be offering parents from disadvantaged groups “school choice”. We attempt to establish the size of the LFPS sector, information about which is central to educational planning, regulation and implementation, but invisible in the official database. A methodology based on macro-survey data is formulated and then applied to Delhi that has a substantial underbelly of LFPSs. We find that the estimated size of the LFPS sector accounts for nearly half the share of the overall children attending private schools at the elementary level. Policy recommendation suggests concrete steps toward expansion of public schools through public investment estimated at 0.3-0.4% of GSDP of Delhi, and upgradation of the existing facilities towards well functional benchmarks as per the RTE design so as to provide a credible alternative to the LFPS sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Bose, Sukanya & Ghosh, Priyanta & Sardana, Arvind, 2020. "Exit at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Empirical Explorations in the Context of Elementary Schooling in Delhi," Working Papers 20/306, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    • Handle: RePEc:npf:wpaper:20/306
    Note: Working Paper 306, 2020
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    File URL: https://www.nipfp.org.in/media/medialibrary/2020/05/WP_306_2020.pdf
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Anand, Abhishek & Chakraborty, Lekha S, 2019. "Impact of Negative Interest Rate Policy on Emerging Asian markets: An Empirical Investigation," MPRA Paper 99426, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2020.
    2. Shah, Ajay, 2020. "Responding to the new coronavirus: An Indian policy perspective," Working Papers 20/309, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    3. Ghosh, Priyanta & Bose, Sukanya, 2022. "Estimating the Excess Demand for Government Schools in Delhi: How much capacity creation is necessary?," Working Papers 22/387, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    4. Bose, Sukanya & Ghosh, Priyanta & Sardana, Arvind & Boda, Manohar, 2021. "Regulation and Informal Market for Schools in Delhi," Working Papers 21/340, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    5. Pandey, Rita & Kedia, Shailly & Malhotra, Anuja, 2020. "Addressing Air Quality Spurts due to Crop Stubble Burning during COVID19 Pandemic: A case of Punjab," Working Papers 20/308, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    6. Bose, Sukanya & Noopur, A. & Nayudu, Sri Hari, 2022. "Intergovernmental Fiscal transfers and Expenditure on Education in India: State level analysis, 2005 to 2020," Working Papers 22/377, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Low Fee Private School ; Affordability ; Exit ; Voice ; RTE ; Elementary Education ; Education Policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • H75 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare

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