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The Gender Minority Gaps in Confidence and Self-Evaluation

Author

Listed:
  • Billur Aksoy
  • Christine L. Exley
  • Judd B. Kessler

Abstract

A rich literature explores gender differences between men and women, but an increasing share of the population identifies their gender in some other way. Analyzing data on roughly 10,000 students and 1,500 adults, we find that such gender minorities are less confident and provide less favorable self-evaluations than equally performing men on a math and science test. We find that these "gender minority gaps" are robust, are as large as—or larger than—gender gaps between men and women, and are domain specific. Administrative data reveals that our confidence and self-evaluation measures are highly predictive of academic performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Billur Aksoy & Christine L. Exley & Judd B. Kessler, 2024. "The Gender Minority Gaps in Confidence and Self-Evaluation," NBER Working Papers 32061, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:32061
    Note: ED LS
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

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