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On the Optimal Inflation Rate

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  • Markus K. Brunnermeier
  • Yuliy Sannikov

Abstract

In our incomplete markets economy financial frictions affect the optimal inflation target. Households choose portfolios consisting of risky (uninsurable) capital and money. Money is a bubbly store of value. The market outcome is constrained Pareto inefficient due to a pecuniary externality. Each individual agent takes the real interest rate as given, while in the aggregate it is driven by the economic growth rate, which in turn depends on individual portfolio decisions. Higher inflation due to higher money growth lowers the real interest rate (on money) and tilts the portfolio choice towards physical capital investment. The optimal inflation target boosts growth and welfare and is higher for emerging market economies.

Suggested Citation

  • Markus K. Brunnermeier & Yuliy Sannikov, 2016. "On the Optimal Inflation Rate," NBER Working Papers 22133, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:22133
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    2. O. Evans, 2019. "Money, Inflation and Output in Nigeria and South Africa: Could Friedman and Schwartz Be Right?," Journal of African Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(3), pages 392-406, July.
    3. Fan, Xuecheng & Xu, Zeshui & Qin, Yong & Škare, Marinko, 2023. "Quantifying the short- and long-run impact of inflation-related price volatility on knowledge asset investment," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    4. Cecion, Martina & Coenen, Günter & Gerke, Rafael & Le Bihan, Hervé & Motto, Roberto & Aguilar, Pablo & Ajevskis, Viktors & Giesen, Sebastian & Albertazzi, Ugo & Gilbert, Niels & Al-Haschimi, Alexander, 2021. "The ECB’s price stability framework: past experience, and current and future challenges," Occasional Paper Series 269, European Central Bank.
    5. Quadrini, Vincenzo, 2017. "Bank liabilities channel," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 25-44.
    6. Brunnermeier, M.K. & Sannikov, Y., 2016. "Macro, Money, and Finance," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & Harald Uhlig (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 1497-1545, Elsevier.
    7. Edoardo Beretta, 2024. "On the Inflation-Debt-Bubble “Vicious Cycle” in Times of Evolving Money—A Memorandum of Forward-Looking Lessons," Economies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-14, January.
    8. Guo, Yumei & Huang, Xianjing & Peng, Yuchao, 2020. "How does house price influence monetary policy transmission?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    9. Duersch, Peter & Eife, Thomas A., 2019. "Price competition in an inflationary environment," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 48-66.
    10. Rene Carmona, 2020. "Applications of Mean Field Games in Financial Engineering and Economic Theory," Papers 2012.05237, arXiv.org.
    11. René Carmona, 2022. "The influence of economic research on financial mathematics: Evidence from the last 25 years," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 26(1), pages 85-101, January.
    12. Malliaris, Anastasios G. & Malliaris, Mary E., 2023. "Where is the Euro Area headed? Restoration of price stability," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 45(4), pages 848-863.
    13. Miura, Shogo, 2023. "Optimal inflation rate and fair wage," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 158-167.
    14. Homburg, Stefan, 2017. "A Study in Monetary Macroeconomics," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198807537.
    15. Shu‐Hua Chen, 2018. "The Credit‐Channel Transmission Mechanism And The Nonlinear Growth And Welfare Effects Of Inflation And Taxes," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 56(2), pages 724-744, April.
    16. Claudio Cesaroni, 2017. "Optimal Long-Run Inflation and the Informal Economy," Bank of Lithuania Working Paper Series 46, Bank of Lithuania.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy

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