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Assessing Corruption: Expert Surveys versus Household Surveys, Filling the Gap

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  • Thomas Roca

    (GED, Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV)

Abstract

La mesure de la gouvernance est une source d’occupation relativement nouvelle pour les économistes. Le World Bank Institute a ouvert la voie à la fin des années 90 avec la désormais célèbre suite “Governance Matters”, I, II, III, IV… Le peu d’imagination de KKZ1 dans le choix du titre de leurs publications cache, en réalité, les plus populaires des indicateurs de gouvernance. L’accent mis sur la corruption pourrait, lui aussi, revendiquer la paternité de la Banque mondiale dans la mesure où l’on doit la création de Transparency International à Peter Eigen ancien cadre de la Banque, mais également, à James Wolfensohn, premier directeur de la Banque à s’intéresser au fléau de la corruption, dans un contexte de « de-géopolitisation » de l’aide au développement. Avec les prémices de la systématisation des enquêtes ménages, une nouvelle manière de mesurer la gouvernance voit le jour. Si les enquêtes menées auprès de la population peuvent constituer un outil intéressant pour évaluer la qualité des institutions, cette prise en compte de l’opinion des populations introduit de nouveaux écueils. Cette étude vise à analyser l’écart de perception entre experts et populations, en matière de corruption. En effet, les enquêtes d’experts et les enquêtes ménages s’accordent difficilement dans leurs estimations de l’étendue de la corruption. Nous suggérons que la liberté de la presse, la culture, la tolérance et la confiance envers les dirigeants puissent venir fausser les pistes. Governance measurement is a relatively new source of entertainment for economists. The World Bank Institute paved the way in the late 90`s with the now famous suite “Governance Matters”, I, II, III, IV… The little imagination of KKZ, regarding the choice of their publications title, hides the most popular aggregated governance indicators. Corruption focus could also claim World Bank parenthood since Transparency International birth was the fruit of a former “affair” between James Wolfensohn and Peter Eigen. With the prelude to household surveys systematization, a new way to measure governance and corruption saw the day. If household surveys may stand for an interesting tool for institutional assessment, populations’ opinions also introduce new pitfalls. This study aims to investigate the gap between expert and household surveys regarding corruption measurement. Indeed, experts and populations barely agree on their estimations of corruption extent. We suggest that press freedom, culture, permissiveness and leadership approval may cover one’s track.(Full text in french)

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Roca, 2010. "Assessing Corruption: Expert Surveys versus Household Surveys, Filling the Gap," Documents de travail 160, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.
    • Handle: RePEc:mon:ceddtr:160
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniel Kaufmann & Aart Kraay, 2002. "Growth without Governance," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2002), pages 169-230, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Thomas Roca, 2011. "Measuring corruption: perception surveys or victimization surveys?," Working Papers hal-00625179, HAL.
    2. Eugen Dimant & Guglielmo Tosato, 2018. "Causes And Effects Of Corruption: What Has Past Decade'S Empirical Research Taught Us? A Survey," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(2), pages 335-356, April.
    3. Thomas Roca, 2011. "Measuring corruption: perception surveys or victimization surveys? Towards a better comprehension of populations’ perception mechanisms: press freedom, confidence and gossip," Documents de travail 167, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
    • O19 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations

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