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Spending Policies of Italian Banking Foundations

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  • Francesco Pattarin

Abstract

Italian banking foundations are important institutional investors and not-forprofit institutions in Italy. Foundations finance their activities with the returns they get by investing their endowments on the financial markets. The financial management of foundations has to meet two conflicting aims: maintaining a consistent and sufficient spending level in the short run and preserving the real value of the endowment fund in the long run. During the financial crisis, the tension between these aims has strongly emerged. This paper is about the results of an analysis of the spending decisions of ten main foundations, from 2004 to 2016, based on balance sheet and market value data. We propose an error-component model that allows to evaluate the relative importance of spending stability versus preserving the endowment value. Our estimates reveal that, on average, foundations followed stable spending policies across the financial crises, as they did not change their long-term rate of consumption of assets but gradually started to smooth spending over the short term. Because their granting activity sharply declined from 2008 to 2012, the joint effect of these decisions was to persistently reduce spending until 2016. This conservative stance, if carried over beyond the short-term, may violate intergenerational neutrality.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Pattarin, 2018. "Spending Policies of Italian Banking Foundations," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0071, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    • Handle: RePEc:mod:wcefin:0071
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tobin, James, 1974. "What Is Permanent Endowment Income?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 64(2), pages 427-432, May.
    2. Acharya, Shanta & Dimson, Elroy, 2007. "Endowment Asset Management: Investment Strategies in Oxford and Cambridge," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199210916.
    3. Geweke, John, 1986. "Exact Inference in the Inequality Constrained Normal Linear Regression Model," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 1(2), pages 127-141, April.
    4. Geweke, J, 1993. "Bayesian Treatment of the Independent Student- t Linear Model," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 8(S), pages 19-40, Suppl. De.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria Cristina Arcuri & Gino Gandolfi & Fabrizio Laurini, 2023. "Robust portfolio optimization for banking foundations: a CVaR approach for asset allocation with mandatory constraints," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 31(2), pages 557-581, June.
    2. Beatrice Bertelli & Gianna Boero & Costanza Torricelli, 2021. "The market price of greenness A factor pricing approach for Green Bonds," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0083, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    3. Giuseppe Marotta, 2018. "Why choosing dominated personal pension plans: sales force and financial literacy effects," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0072, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    4. Chiara Pederzoli & Costanza Torricelli, 2019. "The impact of the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book: A preliminary assessment on a stylized portfolio," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0075, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".
    5. Francesca Arnaboldi, Francesca Gioia, 2019. "Portfolio choice: Evidence from new-borns," Centro Studi di Banca e Finanza (CEFIN) (Center for Studies in Banking and Finance) 0078, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Economia "Marco Biagi".

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Foundations; spending rules; panel data; error component model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors

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