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Regionalism and exclusionary leadership: the case of international sporting events and trade cooperation

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  • Hamanaka, Shintaro

Abstract

This paper empirically tests the plausibility of theories of exclusionary regionalism that make the following predictions: (i) small(er) states pursue small(er) regionalism by excluding larger states in order to assume some exclusionary leadership role, and (ii) as a result, regionalism proliferates in an overlapping and nested manner. To verify the explanatory power of these theories, this paper considers case studies of regionalism in two different fields—trade and sports. Empirical investigation confirms that smaller and smaller regionalism is pursued in both regional trade and regional games in line with the theories. However, we also find some important differences, such as the existence of North American Free Trade Area despite the absence of North American games, which can be explained by factors unique to specific issue areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Hamanaka, Shintaro, 2022. "Regionalism and exclusionary leadership: the case of international sporting events and trade cooperation," IDE Discussion Papers 836, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
  • Handle: RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper836
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jonathan Grix, 2013. "Sport Politics and the O lympics," Political Studies Review, Political Studies Association, vol. 11(1), pages 15-25, January.
    2. Mansfield, Edward D. & Milner, Helen V., 1999. "The New Wave of Regionalism," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 53(3), pages 589-627, July.
    3. Hoffmann, Stanley, 1963. "Discord in Community: The North Atlantic Area as a Partial International System," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 17(3), pages 521-549, July.
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