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Metodologias para Estabelecer a Linha de Pobreza: Objetivas, Subjetivas, Relativas, Multidimensionais

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  • Sergei Suarez Dillon Soares

Abstract

O objetivo deste texto é comparar várias abordagens para definir uma linha de pobreza. Apesar de o Método Calórico Indireto (ou Cost of Basic Needs) ser o mais usado no Brasil para o cálculo de linhas de pobreza, não é o único e há várias abordagens utilizadas em outros países e em outros tempos. O presente estudo resume, além da abordagem calórica indireta, a calórica direta e discute as abordagens multidimensionais, pouco comuns no Brasil, embora bastante usadas no restante da América Latina. Também analisa as linhas oficiais de pobreza, tais como meio salário mínimo ou um dólar por dia em termos de paridade de poder de compra (PPC). Finalmente, o texto trata de linhas relativas e subjetivas de pobreza, mais usadas nos países europeus da OCDE que em outros lugares. A principal conclusão é que, apesar de algumas abordagens serem melhores que outras, isso depende do contexto e não há método perfeito e isento de críticas para determinar quem é e quem não é pobre. The objective of this text is to compare various approaches to defining poverty lines. The Cost of Basic Needs approach has been the most widely used method in Brazil and Latin America, there are various alternatives. In addition to the Cost of Basic Needs and Food Energy Intake methods, the text also discusses multidimensional poverty lines, not widely used in Brazil but quite popular in the rest of Latin America. Administrative poverty lines, such as half of a minimum wage or a dollar a day in purchasing power parity terms, are also discussed. Finally, the text also discusses relative and subjective poverty lines, widely used in the European OECD countries. The text’s main conclusion is that although some approaches are better than others, this depends on the context. There is no perfect and criticism-proof method for defining who is and who is not poor.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergei Suarez Dillon Soares, 2009. "Metodologias para Estabelecer a Linha de Pobreza: Objetivas, Subjetivas, Relativas, Multidimensionais," Discussion Papers 1381, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1381
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gibson Meira Oliveira & André Gustavo Carvalho Machado, 2017. "Dynamic of Innovation in Services for Consumers at the Bottom of the Pyramid," Brazilian Business Review, Fucape Business School, vol. 14(6), pages 609-623, November.
    2. Sergei Soares & Laetícia De Souza & Wesley Silva & Fernando Gaiger Silveira & Áquila Campos, 2016. "Poverty profile: rural North and Northeast of Brazil Investing in rural people," Joint Publications 003, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.
    3. Sergei Soares & Laetícia De Souza & Wesley J. Silva & Fernando Gaiger Silveira & Áquila Campos, 2016. "Poverty profile: the rural North and Northeast of Brazil," Working Papers 138, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.
    4. Gerard, François & Naritomi, Joana & Silva, Joana, 2021. "Cash Transfers and Formal Labor Markets: Evidence from Brazil," CEPR Discussion Papers 16286, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    5. Branko Milanovic & Leonardo S. Oliveira & Debora F. De Souza & Luciana A. Dos Santos & Marta Antunes & Nícia C. H. Brendolin & Viviane C. C. Quintaes, 2016. "Construction of a Consumption Aggregate Based on Information from POF 2008-2009 and Its Use in the Measurement of Welfare, Poverty, Inequality and Vulnerability of Families," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 62, pages 179-210, August.
    6. Raimundo Claudio Gomes Maciel & Oleides Francisca de Oliveira & Pedro Gilberto Cavalcante Filho & Luisa Nascimento Ribeiro & Gustavo Sostenes Abreu Loureiro da Silva & Wiulien do Santos Araujo & Helen, 2019. "Distribution of Income and Poverty in the Chico Mendes Extrative Reserve (Resex)," Journal of Agricultural Studies, Macrothink Institute, vol. 7(4), pages 138-159, December.
    7. Lara Ibarra,Gabriel & Paffhausen,Anna Luisa & Vasconcellos Archer Duque,Daniel, 2021. "Estimating a Poverty Line for Brazil Based on the 2017-18 Household Budget Survey," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9878, The World Bank.

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