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Schuldenbremse reformieren, Transformation beschleunigen - Wirtschaftspolitische Herausforderungen 2024

Author

Listed:
  • Sebastian Dullien

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

  • Tom Bauermann

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

  • Lukas Endres

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

  • Alexander Herzog-Stein

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

  • Katja Rietzler

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

  • Silke Tober

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

Abstract

Deutschland erlebt derzeit einen immensen Verlust an wirtschaftlichem Wohlstand. Geld- und Fiskalpolitik reagierten zunächst angemessen auf die Preisschocks. Durch die seit Anfang 2023 zunehmende geldpolitische Restriktion und die finanzpolitische Reaktion auf das Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts ist die Wirtschaftspolitik aber selbst zu einer Belastung geworden. Im Würgegriff der Schuldenbremse verschärft die Fiskalpolitik trotz der fragilen Wirtschaft ihren Restriktionskurs. Eine Reform der Schuldenbremse ist dringend erforderlich. Die Wirtschaftspolitik muss verhindern, dass sich die Stagnationstendenzen 2024 fortsetzen, und Maßnahmen ergreifen, die eine sozialverträgliche und wohlstandssteigernde Dekarbonisierung ermöglichen. Dabei wäre es riskant und verteilungspolitisch problematisch, nur aufsteigende CO2-Preise und ein Pro-Kopf-Klimageld zu setzen, ohne diese durch hinreichende unterstützende Maßnahmen zu flankieren. Der CO2-Preis sollte Teil eines Instrumentenmixes sein. Der bisher krisenresiliente Arbeitsmarkt steht aktuell unter dem Spannungsverhältnis kurzfristig steigender Arbeitslosigkeit und mittelfristig zunehmender, die Transformation gefährdender Fachkräfteknappheit. Die Aktivierung und Qualifizierung von Arbeitskräften benötigt einen langen Atem, der nun durch die Einschränkung der finanziellen Mittel gefährdet ist. Zügige Zinssenkungen sind angesichts der schwachen Wirtschaft und der Annäherung der Inflation an das EZB-Ziel im Frühjahr dringend erforderlich.

Suggested Citation

  • Sebastian Dullien & Tom Bauermann & Lukas Endres & Alexander Herzog-Stein & Katja Rietzler & Silke Tober, 2024. "Schuldenbremse reformieren, Transformation beschleunigen - Wirtschaftspolitische Herausforderungen 2024," IMK Report 187-2024, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
  • Handle: RePEc:imk:report:187-2024
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    References listed on IDEAS

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