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Verteilungswirkung der CO2-Bepreisung in den Sektoren Verkehr und Waerme mit Pro-Kopf Klimageld

Author

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  • Lukas Endres

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

Abstract

Ab 2027 ist mit der Einfuehrung des EU-ETS 2 fuer die Sektoren Verkehr und Waerme mit deutlich hoeheren Preisen fuer CO2-Zertifikate zu rechnen. Infolge duerften die Energiekosten fuer viele private Haushalte erheblich steigen. Als Kompensationsmechanismus hat die Bundesregierung die Auszahlung einer Pro-Kopf Pauschale angekuendigt. Dieser Policy Brief zeigt anhand der Einkommens- und Verbrauchsstichprobe, dass sich hierdurch vor allem Haushalte in unteren Einkommensgruppen und jene mit mittleren Verbraeuchen umfassend entlasten lassen. Insbesondere fuer Haushalte mit hoeheren Verbraeuchen in der Mitte der Einkommensverteilung bleibt die Belastung relativ zum Einkommen jedoch hoch. Im Bereich der Waermeenergie sind vor allem Haushalte mit Wohneigentum staerker betroffen, waehrend Haushalte in Mietwohnungen von der CO2-Kostenaufteilung profitieren. Eine deutlich hoehere Belastung in beiden Sektoren verzeichnen ausserdem Haushalte in laendlichen Regionen. Insgesamt sind die Verbraeuche von Kraftstoffen und Waermeenergie und somit die Kosten durch die CO2-Bepreisung sehr ungleich verteilt. Ein pauschales Klimageld reicht daher fuer viele Haushalte nicht aus, um teils hohe finanzielle Belastungen zu kompensieren.

Suggested Citation

  • Lukas Endres, 2023. "Verteilungswirkung der CO2-Bepreisung in den Sektoren Verkehr und Waerme mit Pro-Kopf Klimageld," IMK Policy Brief 161-2023, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:imk:pbrief:161-2023
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kholodilin, Konstantin A & Mense, Andreas & Michelsen, Claus, 2017. "The market value of energy efficiency in buildings and the mode of tenure," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 54(14), pages 3218-3238.
    2. Sommer, Stephan & Mattauch, Linus & Pahle, Michael, 2022. "Supporting carbon taxes: The role of fairness," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    3. Christian Bayer & Rüdiger Bachmann, 2023. "Respekt vor unterschiedlichen Ausgangsbedingungen: Horizontale Fairness in die CO2-Bepreisung bringen," ECONtribute Policy Brief Series 054, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
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    Cited by:

    1. Horn, Gustav A., 2024. "Wirtschaftspolitik in der Zeitenwende," Working Paper Forschungsförderung 332, Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Düsseldorf.

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