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Assessing the Cost of Financial Regulation

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  • Douglas Elliott
  • Mr. Andre O Santos

Abstract

This study assesses the overall impact on credit of the financial regulatory reforms in Europe, Japan, and the United States. Long-term cost estimates are provided for Basel III capital and liquidity requirements, derivatives reforms, and higher taxes and fees. Overall, average lending rates in the base case would rise by 18 bps in Europe, 8 bps in Japan, and 28 bps in the United States. These results are similar to the official BIS assessments of Basel III and an OECD analysis, but lower as a result of including expense cuts and reductions in the returns required by investors. As a result, they are markedly lower than those of the IIF.

Suggested Citation

  • Douglas Elliott & Mr. Andre O Santos, 2012. "Assessing the Cost of Financial Regulation," IMF Working Papers 2012/233, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2012/233
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    Cited by:

    1. Philipp König & David Pothier, 2014. "The Bank Capital Debate: Should Fragility Be Reduced?," DIW Roundup: Politik im Fokus 17, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    2. William Gornall & Ilya A. Strebulaev, 2013. "Financing as a Supply Chain: The Capital Structure of Banks and Borrowers," NBER Working Papers 19633, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Oana Toader, 2015. "Estimating the impact of higher capital requirements on the cost of equity: an empirical study of European banks," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 411-436, September.
    4. Cohen, Benjamin H. & Scatigna, Michela, 2016. "Banks and capital requirements: Channels of adjustment," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(S1), pages 56-69.
    5. Figuet, Jean-Marc & Humblot, Thomas & Lahet, Delphine, 2015. "Cross-border banking claims on emerging countries: The Basel III Banking Reforms in a push and pull framework," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 294-310.
    6. G.Levieuge, 2015. "the coherence and the predictive content of the French Bank Lending Survey’s indicators (in French)," Working papers 567, Banque de France.
    7. Dominika Ehrenbergerová & Martin Hodula & Zuzana Gric, 2022. "Does capital-based regulation affect bank pricing policy?," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 135-167, April.
    8. Gordon Menzies & Peter Dixon & Maureen Rimmer, 2016. "In Praise of (Some) Red Tape: A New Approach to Regulation," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 92(299), pages 631-647, December.
    9. Andersen, Henrik & Juelsrud, Ragnar Enger, 2024. "Optimal capital adequacy ratios for banks," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 5(2).
    10. Kumhof, Michael & Wang, Xuan, 2021. "Banks, money, and the zero lower bound on deposit rates," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    11. Marc Auboin & Isabella Blengini, 2019. "The impact of Basel III on trade finance: the potential unintended consequences of the leverage ratio," Journal of Banking Regulation, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(2), pages 115-123, June.
    12. Antonio Scalia & Sergio Longoni & Tiziana Rosolin, 2013. "The Net Stable Funding Ratio and banks� participation in monetary policy operations: some evidence for the euro area," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 195, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    13. Fratzscher, Marcel & König, Philipp Johann & Lambert, Claudia, 2016. "Credit provision and banking stability after the Great Financial Crisis: The role of bank regulation and the quality of governance," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 113-135.
    14. Grégory Levieuge, 2017. "Explaining and forecasting bank loans. Good times and crisis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(8), pages 823-843, February.
    15. Gornall, Will & Strebulaev, Ilya A., 2018. "Financing as a supply chain: The capital structure of banks and borrowers," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 129(3), pages 510-530.
    16. Akram, Q. Farooq, 2014. "Macro effects of capital requirements and macroprudential policy," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 77-93.
    17. Schmitt, Matthias & Schmaltz, Christian, 2016. "Potential implications of a NSFR on German banks' credit supply and profitability," Discussion Papers 37/2016, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    18. M. Birn & M. Dietsch & D. Durant, 2017. "How to reach all Basel requirements at the same time?," Débats économiques et financiers 28, Banque de France.
    19. Codruta Boar & Leonardo Gambacorta & Giovanni Lombardo & Luiz Awazu Pereira da Silva, 2017. "What are the effects of macroprudential policies on macroeconomic performance?," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, September.
    20. Koray Alper & Mehmet Selman Colak & Ertan Tok, 2016. "Sermaye Kisitlari ve Kredi Buyumesi : Mekanik Bir Analiz," CBT Research Notes in Economics 1618, Research and Monetary Policy Department, Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey.
    21. Petr Pavlík, 2017. "Financial theory approach to the investigation of the impact of Basel III capital adequacy on commercial banks [Vědecké metody zkoumání dopadu kapitálové regulace obchodních bank]," Český finanční a účetní časopis, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2017(4), pages 41-56.
    22. Robert-Paul Berben & Ide Kearney & Robert Vermeulen, 2018. "DELFI 2.0, DNB's Macroeconomic Policy Model of the Netherlands," DNB Occasional Studies 1605, Netherlands Central Bank, Research Department.
    23. Georg Junge & Peter Kugler, 2013. "Quantifying the Impact of Higher Capital Requirements on the Swiss Economy," Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics (SJES), Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics (SSES), vol. 149(III), pages 313-356, September.
    24. Schmaltz, Christian & Pokutta, Sebastian & Heidorn, Thomas & Andrae, Silvio, 2014. "How to make regulators and shareholders happy under Basel III," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 311-325.
    25. Howard Diesel & Mukelani Nkuna & Tim Olds & Daan Steenkamp, 2022. "ThecostofcomplyingwithBaselIIIliquidityregulationsforSouthAfricanbanks," Working Papers 11032, South African Reserve Bank.

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