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Dollarization in Cambodia: Causes and Policy Implications

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  • Ms. Nombulelo Braiton

Abstract

Over the past decade, Cambodia has become Asia’s most dollarized economy. In contrast, dollarization in neighboring Lao P.D.R., Mongolia, and Vietnam has been either declining or broadly stable. Somewhat paradoxically, growing dollarization in Cambodia has occurred against the backdrop of greater macroeconomic and political stability. The usual motive, currency substitution, does not appear to have been a factor. As the volume of dollars increased over the years, so has the volume of riel. A strong inward flow of dollars related to garments sector exports, tourism receipts, foreign direct investment, and aid, has benefitted the dollar based urban economy. The riel based rural economy has, however, lagged behind. Given international experience in de-dollarization, a carefully managed market based strategy, supported by a continued stable macroeconomic environment is essential for Cambodia’s de-dollarization.

Suggested Citation

  • Ms. Nombulelo Braiton, 2011. "Dollarization in Cambodia: Causes and Policy Implications," IMF Working Papers 2011/049, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2011/049
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    Cited by:

    1. Mr. Geoffrey J Bannister & Mr. Jarkko Turunen & Malin Gardberg, 2018. "Dollarization and Financial Development," IMF Working Papers 2018/200, International Monetary Fund.
    2. Aiba, Daiju & Odajima, Ken & Khou, Vouthy, 2018. "Foreign currency borrowing and risk-hedging behavior: Evidence from Cambodian households," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 19-35.
    3. Okuda, Hidenobu & Aiba, Daiju, 2018. "Capital structure decisions in a highly dollarized economy: Evidence from Cambodian firms," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1-18.
    4. Hidenobu Okuda & Daiju Aiba, 2018. "Determinants of Firms’ Capital Structure Decisions in Highly Dollarized Economies: Evidence from Cambodia," Working Papers 160, JICA Research Institute.
    5. Hal Hill & Jayant Menon, 2013. "Cambodia: Rapid Growth with Weak Institutions," Asian Economic Policy Review, Japan Center for Economic Research, vol. 8(1), pages 46-65, June.
    6. Buth, Bora & Kakinaka, Makoto & Miyamoto, Hiroaki, 2015. "Inflation and inflation uncertainty: The case of Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Vietnam," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 31-43.
    7. Hal Hill & Jayant Menon, 2011. "Reducing Vulnerability in Transition Economies: Crises and Adjustment in Cambodia," Departmental Working Papers 2011-08, The Australian National University, Arndt-Corden Department of Economics.

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