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Precios de Gas Natural en Chile: Una Primera Mirada al Desempeño de un Mercado Liberalizado

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Abstract

En este trabajo se presenta una descripción detallada de la estructura tarifaria y precios de la industria de Gas Natural en Chile. Se presta especial atención a la evolución tanto a los precios en sí, como los cambios de la política tarifaria por parte de las empresas de transmisión y distribución de este energético, en pro del desarrollo de una estrategia de discriminación de precios. Los precios considerados corresponden a boca de pozo, transporte y distribución a clientes residenciales e industriales, los cuales son presentados desde una perspectiva comparativa, primero entre empresas de Gas Natural en Chile y, en segundo lugar, respecto de empresas de Gas Natural de Argentina, tratando de identificar los factores que determinan las diferencias de costos y precios. Este artículo tiene dos aportes principales. El primero es generar series de precios consistentes desde la creación de estos mercados en Chile (1998 a 2001) a partir de información base oficial de la Superintendencia de Electricidad y Combustibles. El segundo aporte, logrado gracias a la información de precios previamente construida, es entregar una primera evaluación del desempeño del mercado en una industria caracterizada por precios libres. Destacable de este artículo es mostrar con evidencia empírica que la existencia de competencia de redes de distribución de Gas Natural en una región de Chile (Valparaíso) ha redundado en precios más bajos o similares a esos resultantes en donde opera un único distribuidor (Santiago), a pesar de las ventajas naturales de costos en la capital del país.

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  • Constanza Fosco Perea Muñoz & Eduardo Saavedra, "undated". "Precios de Gas Natural en Chile: Una Primera Mirada al Desempeño de un Mercado Liberalizado," ILADES-UAH Working Papers inv148, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business.
    • Handle: RePEc:ila:ilades:inv148
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    1. Constanza Fosco Perea Muñoz & Eduardo Saavedra, "undated". "Estructura de la Industria y Relaciones Patrimoniales del Gas Natural en Chile," ILADES-UAH Working Papers inv147, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business.
    2. David M. Newbery, 2002. "Privatization, Restructuring, and Regulation of Network Utilities," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262640481, April.
    3. Constanza Fosco Perea Muñoz & Eduardo Saavedra, "undated". "Sustituibilidad de Energéticos y La Política (Des)Regulatoria del Gas Natural en Chile," ILADES-UAH Working Papers inv149, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business.
    4. Hollas, Daniel R, 1999. "Gas Utility Prices in a Restructured Industry," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 16(2), pages 167-185, September.
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    1. Constanza Fosco Perea Muñoz & Eduardo Saavedra, "undated". "Mercados de Gas Natual: Análisis Comparado de la Experiencia Internacional," ILADES-UAH Working Papers inv150, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business.

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