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Gender Wage Gaps in Central American Countries: Evidence from a Non-Parametric Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Ted Enamorado
  • Ana Carolina Izaguirre
  • Hugo Nopo

Abstract

This paper compares gender wage gaps for Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador from the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s using the non-parametric matching methodology introduced by Ñopo (2008), which allows an analysis not only of average gaps but also their distributions. While a simple comparison of average wages would suggest small or even negative gaps, the wage gap is substantial when workers with comparable human capital characteristics are considered. Although the gender wage gap declined from the mid-1990s to 2000, the gap appears to increase thereafter. The results also indicate that females have access barriers to certain human capital profiles, which contributes to wage gaps. The unexplained component of the gender wage gaps is more pronounced among poorer individuals. In Nicaragua, particularly, these unexplained gaps are negative for those at the lowest extreme of the earnings distribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Ted Enamorado & Ana Carolina Izaguirre & Hugo Nopo, 2009. "Gender Wage Gaps in Central American Countries: Evidence from a Non-Parametric Approach," Research Department Publications 4639, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4639
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    File URL: http://www.iadb.org/research/pub_hits.cfm?pub_id=IDB-WP-111&pub_file_name=pubIDB-WP-111.pdf
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Reyna Elizabeth Rodriguez Pérez, 2018. "Brecha salarial por género en México: Desde un enfoque regional, según su exposición a la apertura comercial 2005-2015," Nóesis. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Nóesis. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, vol. 27, pages 19-38, 54.
    2. Marcelo Varela Enríquez & Gustavo Salazar Espinoza, "undated". "Labor income gap in Ecuador due to discrimination, pre and post pandemic: Correction of error due to selection bias," Review of Socio - Economic Perspectives 202302, Reviewsep.
    3. World Bank, 2012. "A Gender (R)evolution in the Making? Expanding Women's Economic Opportunities in Central America : A Decade in Review," World Bank Publications - Reports 12468, The World Bank Group.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender; Race; Wage gaps; Central America;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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