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Los mercados laborales latinoamericanos en los años 90: descifrar la década

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  • Suzanne Duryea
  • Olga Lucia Jaramillo
  • Carmen Pagés-Serra

Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) En este trabajo se analiza el desempeño reciente de los mercados laborales latinoamericanos. Hallamos que los niveles de desempleo van en aumento en la mayoría de los países y subregiones de América Latina. El aumento del desempleo durante los años 90 no obedeció a una mayor proporción de mujeres, adultos o trabajadores urbanos en la fuerza laboral, como tampoco se puede atribuir a un aumento de la demanda de trabajadores calificados. En unos pocos países, el aumento del desempleo es producto de la baja de los niveles de empleo. En el resto de los países, los niveles de desempleo pueden responder a un considerable aumento de la participación que no ha sido totalmente absorbida por los incrementos del empleo. También hallamos que una proporción considerable y, en muchos países, creciente, de trabajadores ocupan puestos de trabajo que devengan salarios sumamente bajos. Por último, los retornos a la educación superior van en aumento, mientras que los retornos a la educación secundaria disminuyen en casi todos los países.

Suggested Citation

  • Suzanne Duryea & Olga Lucia Jaramillo & Carmen Pagés-Serra, 2003. "Los mercados laborales latinoamericanos en los años 90: descifrar la década," Research Department Publications 4332, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4332
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    1. Duryea, Suzanne & Pagés, Carmen, 2002. "Human Capital Policies: What they Can and Cannot Do for Productivity and Poverty Reduction in Latin America," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 1103, Inter-American Development Bank.
    2. Levenson, Alec R. & Maloney, William F., 1998. "The informal sector, firm dynamics, and institutional participation," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1988, The World Bank.
    3. Suzanne Duryea & Alejandra Cox Edwards & Manuelita Ureta, 2001. "Women in the LAC Labor Market: The Remarkable 1990???s," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 500, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
    4. Maloney, William F, 1999. "Does Informality Imply Segmentation in Urban Labor Markets? Evidence from Sectoral Transitions in Mexico," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 13(2), pages 275-302, May.
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