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Data as a common in the sharing economy: a general policy proposal

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  • Bruno Carballa Smichowski

    (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

It is nowadays a common place to say that the sharing economy is not really about sharing but about making profits and benefiting a few much more than others. A movement that takes the best of the technologies of sharing economy platforms but orients it to benefiting all, platform cooperativism, is on the rise. Nonetheless, it is far from being popular and nothing indicates that it will. This paper investigates the reasons why dominant platforms remain dominant and proposes a policy that aims at curtailing their dominance, fostering platform cooperativism and maximizing the beneficial societal effects that can be derived from exploiting the data generated in platforms. The paper is structured as follows. Section 1 reviews current definitions of the sharing economy, points out their contributions and limitations and offers a novel and more accurate definition. Section 2 briefly introduces platform cooperativism to show why it can be a tool to fix many of the problems of the sharing economy. Section 3 explains and discusses market power mechanisms specific to the sharing economy that help dominant platforms to remain dominant. Some already existing and proposed solutions to counter these market power mechanisms such as reputation passports, a market for personal data and antitrust remedies are evaluated. Section 4 presents a general policy proposal based on making data a common in the sharing economy using reciprocity licenses. Section 5 offers some clarifications regarding the proposal and sketches some of its shortcomings and open questions that arise from it.

Suggested Citation

  • Bruno Carballa Smichowski, 2016. "Data as a common in the sharing economy: a general policy proposal," Working Papers hal-01386644, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-01386644
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01386644
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sundararajan, Arun, 2016. "The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise of Crowd-Based Capitalism," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262034573, April.
    2. Maurice Stucke & Allen Grunes, 2015. "Debunking the Myths Over Big Data and Antitrust," Antitrust Chronicle, Competition Policy International, vol. 5.
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    Cited by:

    1. Akbari, Morteza & Foroudi, Pantea & Khodayari, Maryam & Zaman Fashami, Rahime & Shahabaldini parizi, Zahra & Shahriari, Elmira, 2022. "Sharing Your Assets: A Holistic Review of Sharing Economy," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 604-625.
    2. Nikander, Pekka & Elo, Tommi, 2019. "Will the data markets necessarily fail? A position paper," 30th European Regional ITS Conference, Helsinki 2019 205201, International Telecommunications Society (ITS).
    3. Bruno Carballa Smichowski, 2018. "The value of data: an analysis of closed-urban-data-based and open-data-based business models," Working Papers hal-01736484, HAL.
    4. Soraya SEDKAOUI & Rafika Benaichouba, 2019. "How data analytics drive sharing economy business models?," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences 9911754, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.
    5. Bruno Carballa Smichowski, 2018. "The value of data: an analysis of closed-urban-data-based and open-data-based business models," CEPN Working Papers hal-01736484, HAL.

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