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Patents, Innovation and Public Health: Brazilian Public-Sector Laboratories' Experience in Copying AIDS Drugs

Author

Listed:
  • Maurice Cassier

    (CERMES - UMR 8169 / U750 - CERMES - Centre de recherche Médecine, Science, Santé Société - UP11 - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - INSERM - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Marilena Correa

    (UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Rio de Janeiro State University [Brazil] = Université d'État de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil])

Abstract

The Brazilian experience in producing HIV/AIDS drugs is based on the lawful copying of medicines patented abroad, on a health policy of universal access to antiretrovirals (ARV), and on technological learning, especially in public-sector laboratories through reverse engineering. The information contained in patents has proved to be incomplete and the chemical standards of these molecules are not available in the pharmacopoeias. Chemists at the Rio health ministry's laboratory have had to partially rediscover the qualitative and quan- titative composition of these drugs. They have thus acquired knowledge on the synthesis processes of the active principles of drugs, which they are now able to transfer to pharmaceutical companies. Apart from copying existing drugs, the laboratory also develops research both in-house and in partnership with universities, to create new molecules. The learning process initiated through copying is thus combined with a research policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Maurice Cassier & Marilena Correa, 2003. "Patents, Innovation and Public Health: Brazilian Public-Sector Laboratories' Experience in Copying AIDS Drugs," Post-Print halshs-02162784, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-02162784
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-02162784
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Fonseca, Elize Massard da & Shadlen, Kenneth C. & Achcar, Helena de Moraes, 2023. "Vaccine technology transfer in a global health crisis: Actors, capabilities, and institutions," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(4).
    2. Michel Bozon, 2005. "L'évolution des scénarios de la vie reproductive des femmes au Brésil. Médicalisation, genre et ingalités sociales," Revue Tiers Monde, Programme National Persée, vol. 46(182), pages 359-384.
    3. Ramani, Shyama V. & Urias, Eduardo, 2018. "When access to drugs meets catch-up: Insights from the use of CL threats to improve access to ARV drugs in Brazil," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(8), pages 1538-1552.
    4. Paola Perez-Aleman & Tommaso Ferretti, 2023. "Creating innovation capabilities for improving global health: Inventing technology for neglected tropical diseases in Brazil," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 6(1), pages 84-114, March.
    5. Thomas Eimer & Susanne Lütz, 2010. "Developmental states, civil society, and public health: Patent regulation for HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals in India and Brazil," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 4(2), pages 135-153, June.
    6. Banri ITO & Tatsufumi YAMAGATA, 2007. "Who Develops Innovations In Medicine For The Poor? Trends In Patent Applications Related To Medicines For Hiv/Aids, Tuberculosis, Malaria, And Neglected Diseases," The Developing Economies, Institute of Developing Economies, vol. 45(2), pages 141-171, June.

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