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Emotional Valence and the Free-Energy Principle

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  • Mateus Joffily

    (Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento, GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon - Saint-Etienne - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Giorgio Coricelli

    (Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento, GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon - Saint-Etienne - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Department of Economics, University of Southern California - USC - University of Southern California)

Abstract

The free-energy principle has recently been proposed as a unified Bayesian account of perception, learning and action. Despite the inextricable link between emotion and cognition, emotion has not yet been formulated under this framework. A core concept that permeates many perspectives on emotion is valence, which broadly refers to the positive and negative character of emotion or some of its aspects. In the present paper, we propose a definition of emotional valence in terms of the negative rate of change of free-energy over time. If the second time-derivative of free-energy is taken into account, the dynamics of basic forms of emotion such as happiness, unhappiness, hope, fear, disappointment and relief can be explained. In this formulation, an important function of emotional valence turns out to regulate the learning rate of the causes of sensory inputs. When sensations increasingly violate the agent's expectations, valence is negative and increases the learning rate. Conversely, when sensations increasingly fulfil the agent's expectations, valence is positive and decreases the learning rate. This dynamic interaction between emotional valence and learning rate highlights the crucial role played by emotions in biological agents' adaptation to unexpected changes in their world.

Suggested Citation

  • Mateus Joffily & Giorgio Coricelli, 2013. "Emotional Valence and the Free-Energy Principle," Post-Print halshs-00834063, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00834063
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003094
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00834063
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    Cited by:

    1. Brice Corgnet & Camille Cornand & Nobuyuki Hanaki, 2020. "Negative Tail Events, Emotions & Risk Taking," Working Papers 2016, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Étienne (GATE Lyon St-Étienne), Université de Lyon.
    2. Katarína Neomániová & Jakub Berčík & Anka Pavelka, 2019. "The Use of Eye-Tracker and Face Reader as Useful Consumer Neuroscience Tools Within Logo Creation," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 67(4), pages 1061-1070.
    3. Brice Corgnet & Camille Cornand & Nobuyuki Hanaki, 2020. "Tail events, emotions and risk taking," Working Papers halshs-02613344, HAL.
    4. Meng-Xun Ho & Hideyoshi Yanagisawa, 2023. "Design for Well-Being and Sustainability: A Conceptual Framework of the Peer-to-Peer Sharing and Reuse Platform in the Circular Economy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Ünsal Özdilek, 2021. "Sensing Happiness in Senseless Information," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 16(5), pages 2059-2084, October.

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    Keywords

    Emotional Valence; Free-Energy Principle;

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