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Efficacité des aides à la localisation : un essai de mesure sur régions françaises

Author

Listed:
  • Sophie Larribeau

    (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Samira Oukarfi

    (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Dans cet article, on propose de lever empiriquement l'ambiguïté quant à l'impact des aides sociales sur les stratégies d'implantation des firmes. Sans prétendre évaluer l'ensemble des déterminants de la localisation des entreprises, on tente d'identifier l'importance relative du facteur «subvention» dans un environnement où se combinent différentes sortes d'externalités. Pour cela nous avons conçu un questionnaire et collecté des réponses auprès de 301 entreprises aidées et localisées dans trois régions dont les niveaux de développement industriel sont différents. On considère qu'une entreprise en quête de localisation doit opérer un arbitrage entre, d'un côté, l'intensité des externalités (pécuniaires et hors marché), et d'autre part, les subventions offertes. Deux configurations sont possibles : soit que l'entreprise choisit de se localiser dans la région dynamique où l'internalisation des externalités générées par la présence d'autres entreprises lui permettra de baisser son coût marginal. Dans ce cas, les aides et les subventions constituent un pur effet d'aubaine sans aucun effet incitatif sur le choix d'implantation de l'entreprise. Soit elle choisit de se localiser dans la région périphérique offrant des subventions intéressantes mais où le coût marginal risque d'être élevé du fait qu'aucun effet externe ne peut être capté. Là encore, l'efficacité des aides est à relativiser dans la mesure où les risques de défaillance et/ou de délocalisation sont apparents.

Suggested Citation

  • Sophie Larribeau & Samira Oukarfi, 2005. "Efficacité des aides à la localisation : un essai de mesure sur régions françaises," Post-Print halshs-00099879, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00099879
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    aides à la localisation; externalités pécuniaires; externalités de réseau; concurrence territoriale;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • R38 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Government Policy

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