Cultural and creative entrepreneurs in the face of crises: between opportunity and adaptation[Les entrepreneurs culturels et créatifs face aux crises : entre opportunité et adaptation]

This article examines the impact of crises on cultural and creative entrepreneurs (CCEs) and their entrepreneurial ecosystem. Through a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews (n=21), we explore the reactions of CCEs to crises, as well as the evolution of their ecosystem. Entrepreneurs in this field face specific injunctions during crises, requiring a deep understanding to support them effectively. In this perspective, this research aims to answer the following questions: How do CCEs react to crises? To what extent does the entrepreneurial ecosystem evolve in response to the injunctions induced by crises? The results reveal a diversity of reactions from entrepreneurs, ranging from opportunism to conviction, including wait-and-see attitudes, in the face of challenges posed by crises such as the COVID-19 crisis and the climate crisis. These reactions reflect various strategies to address challenges while exploring the opportunities presented by crises. In conclusion, this article contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of cultural and creative entrepreneurship in a context of constant change, offering perspectives for the development of policies and support programs adapted to the specific needs of these entrepreneurs.