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Continua of underemployment equilibria reflecting coordination failures, also at Walrasian prices

Author

Listed:
  • Alessandro Citanna

    (GREGH - Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC - HEC Paris - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Antonio Villanacci
  • Hervé Crès

    (GREGH - Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC - HEC Paris - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Jacques H. Drèze

    (CORE - UCL - Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain)

Abstract

In this paper, the existence of unemployment is partly explained as being the result of coordination failures. It is shown that as a result of self-fulfilling pessimistic expectations, even at Walrasian prices, a continuum of equilibria results, among which an equilibrium with approximately no trade and a Walrasian equilibrium. These coordination failures also arise at other price systems, but then unemployment is the result of both a wrong price system and coordination failures. Some properties of the set of equilibria are analyzed. Generically, there exists a continuum of non-indifferent equilibrium allocations. Under a condition implied by gross substitutability, there exists a continuum of equilibrium allocations in the neighborhood of a competitive allocation, when prices are Walrasian. For a specialized economy, a dynamic illustration is offered.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessandro Citanna & Antonio Villanacci & Hervé Crès & Jacques H. Drèze, 2001. "Continua of underemployment equilibria reflecting coordination failures, also at Walrasian prices," Post-Print hal-00463215, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00463215
    DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4068(01)00075-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Alessandro Citanna & Herve Cres & Antonio Villancci, "undated". ""Underemployment of Resources and Self-Confirming Beliefs''," CARESS Working Papres 95-20, University of Pennsylvania Center for Analytic Research and Economics in the Social Sciences.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Herings, P. Jean-Jacques & van der Laan, Gerard & Talman, Dolf, 2009. "Equilibria with coordination failures," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1-2), pages 23-37, January.
    2. P. Herings, 2014. "General equilibrium and the new neoclassical synthesis," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 57(3), pages 437-477, November.
    3. Herings, P.J.J., 2024. "Expectational Equilibria and Drèze Equilibria in Many-to-one Matching Models," Other publications TiSEM 2818f6ae-f3b0-4b5e-9222-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    4. Herings, P. Jean-Jacques, 2018. "Equilibrium and matching under price controls," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 222-244.
    5. Hans Gersbach & Hans Haller, 2018. "Hierarchical Trade," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 56(2), pages 1165-1184, April.
    6. Kokonas, Nikolaos, 2016. "Nominal rigidities equilibria in a non-Ricardian economy," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 108-119.
    7. Herings, P. Jean-Jacques & Konovalov, Alexander, 2009. "Constrained suboptimality when prices are non-competitive," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1-2), pages 43-58, January.
    8. Jacques H. Drèze & P. Jean‐Jacques Herings, 2008. "Kinky perceived demand curves and Keynes–Negishi equilibria," International Journal of Economic Theory, The International Society for Economic Theory, vol. 4(2), pages 207-246, June.
    9. Drèze, Jacques H. & Herings, P. Jean-Jacques, 2008. "Sequentially complete markets remain incomplete," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 100(3), pages 445-447, September.
    10. DRÈZE, Jacques, 2001. "Indeterminateness of equilibria and macroeconomics," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2001058, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    11. Herings, P.J.J., 2024. "Expectational Equilibria and Drèze Equilibria in Many-to-one Matching Models," Discussion Paper 2024-022, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    12. Iwan Bos & Ronald Peeters & Erik Pot, 2017. "Competition versus collusion: The impact of consumer inertia," International Journal of Economic Theory, The International Society for Economic Theory, vol. 13(4), pages 387-400, December.
    13. Herings, P. Jean-Jacques, 2024. "Expectational equilibria in many-to-one matching models with contracts," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    General equilibrium; Underemployment; Coordination failures; Indeterminacy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C62 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium
    • D51 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Exchange and Production Economies

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