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Sigma Convergence and VECM Approach in Explaining the Relationship among Macro Variables in Indonesia

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  • Sri Kurniawati

    (Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, 78124, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Nindya Lestari Author-2-Workplace-Name: Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, 78124, Indonesia Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:)

Abstract

Objective - Inequality of regional income, government expenditure and government revenue can show the performance of these variables in improving the economic and non-economic conditions of each region. Previous literature discusses, in part, the inequality among these three variables. This research fills the gap left by previous research by analyzing the inequality of the three variables and analysing the relationship between them in driving the provincial economy in Kalimantan. The first objective of this study is to analyze the reduction of regional income inequality, government revenue and government expenditure. The second objective is to analyze the relationship among macro variables. Methodology/Technique - Using data from 4 provinces in Kalimantan across a 15-year period (2002-2016), this study concludes that in the short term, only changes of government revenue have an impact on regional income and only changes of government revenue has an impact on government expenditure. Findings - Meanwhile, in the long term, changes in regional income, government revenue, and government expenditure can all have an impact on regional income.

Suggested Citation

  • Sri Kurniawati, 2019. "Sigma Convergence and VECM Approach in Explaining the Relationship among Macro Variables in Indonesia," GATR Journals jber181, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise.
    • Handle: RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber181
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kimaro, Edmund Lawrence & Keong, Choong Chee & Sea, Lau Lin, 2017. "Government Expenditure, Efficiency and Economic Growth: A Panel Analysis of Sub Saharan African Low Income Countries," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 5(2), July.
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    4. Sims, Christopher A, 1980. "Macroeconomics and Reality," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(1), pages 1-48, January.
    5. Iancu, Aurel, 2007. "Economic Convergence. Applications - Second Part -," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 4(4), pages 24-48, December.
    6. Syed Ali Raza & Syed Zaki Hassan & Arshian Sharif, 2019. "Asymmetric Relationship Between Government Revenues and Expenditures in a Developing Economy: Evidence from a Non-linear Model," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 20(5), pages 1179-1195, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Coulibaly Niénéyéri Mamadou, 2022. "Analysis of the Evolution of Income Disparities Among WAEMU Member Countries," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 14(2), pages 1-97, February.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inequality; Regional Income; Government Expenditure; Government Revenue.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H70 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - General
    • E00 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - General
    • E10 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - General
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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