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Olympic participation and performance since 1896

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  • Kuper, Gerard
  • Sterken, Elmer

    (Groningen University)

Abstract

We analyze the decision to participate and performance at the Modern Olympic Summer Games at the country level. We use an unbalanced panel of 118 countries over all 24 editions of the Summer Games since 1896. The main focus of the paper is on economic, geographic and demographic determinants of Olympic participation and success. We estimate the impact of income per capita, population size, home advantage, and some fixed country factors on participation and success rates. We present separate results for events before and after the Second World War. These results indicate that income is an important determinant of Olympic participation and success. Socialist countries send more athletes to the games and have more success in medal counts. The home advantage has become less prominent.

Suggested Citation

  • Kuper, Gerard & Sterken, Elmer, 2003. "Olympic participation and performance since 1896," Research Report 03C19, University of Groningen, Research Institute SOM (Systems, Organisations and Management).
    • Handle: RePEc:gro:rugsom:03c19
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    File URL: http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/248287281
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    1. repec:bla:kyklos:v:46:y:1993:i:2:p:263-72 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. William F. Shughart & Robert D. Tollison, 1993. "Going for the Gold: Property Rights and Athletic Effort in Transitional Economies," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(2), pages 263-272, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. John Manuel Luiz & Riyas Fadal, 2011. "An economic analysis of sports performance in Africa," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 38(10), pages 869-883, August.
    2. Carl Singleton & J. James Reade & Johan Rewilak & Dominik Schreyer, 2021. "How big is home advantage at the Olympic Games?," Economics Discussion Papers em-dp2021-13, Department of Economics, University of Reading.
    3. Martin Grancay & Tomas Dudas, 2018. "Olympic Medals, Economy, Geography and Politics from Sydney to Rio," Iranian Economic Review (IER), Faculty of Economics,University of Tehran.Tehran,Iran, vol. 22(2), pages 409-441, Spring.
    4. Michael W. Klein, 2002. "Work and Play: International Evidence of Gender Equality in Employment and Sports," NBER Working Papers 9081, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. T. Potts & R. Edwards, 2013. "The decreasing returns to gender equality: evidence from the 2012 summer Olympics," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(16), pages 1501-1505, November.
    6. Kavetsos, Georgios & Szymanski, Stefan, 2010. "National well-being and international sports events," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 158-171, April.
    7. Caroline Buts & Cind Du Bois & Bruno Heyndels & Marc Jegers, 2013. "Socioeconomic Determinants of Success at the Summer Paralympics," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 14(2), pages 133-147, April.
    8. Schlembach, Christoph & Schmidt, Sascha L. & Schreyer, Dominik & Wunderlich, Linus, 2022. "Forecasting the Olympic medal distribution – A socioeconomic machine learning model," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    9. Sotiriadou, Kalliopi (Popi) & Shilbury, David, 2009. "Australian Elite Athlete Development: An Organisational Perspective," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 137-148, August.
    10. T. Potts, 2014. "Governance, corruption and Olympic success," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(31), pages 3882-3891, November.
    11. Todd B. Potts, 2022. "Does it pay to Play by the Rules? Respect for Rule of law, Control of Corruption, and National Success at the Summer Olympics," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 23(2), pages 222-245, February.
    12. Pravin K. Trivedi & David M. Zimmer, 2014. "Success at the Summer Olympics: How Much Do Economic Factors Explain?," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-34, December.
    13. Szymanski, Mike & Fitzsimmons, Stacey R. & Danis, Wade M., 2019. "Multicultural managers and competitive advantage: Evidence from elite football teams," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 305-315.

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