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Que savons-nous de l’impact économique des parcs scientifiques ? Une revue de la littérature

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  • Corine Autant-Bernard

    (Université de Lyon, Lyon, F-69007, France ; CNRS, GATE Lyon St Etienne,F-69130 Ecully, France, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, F-42000, France)

Abstract

Dans un contexte où les initiatives cherchant à regrouper géographiquement les acteurs de la recherche se développent, cette revue de littérature synthétise les principaux résultats des travaux de recherche sur l’impact des parcs scientifiques. Plus précisément, il s’agit d’évaluer dans quelle mesure les regroupements d’activités de nature scientifique autour d’universités permettent des transferts formels des résultats de la recherche, mais aussi des externalités de connaissance et des effets d’entrainement sur les dynamiques économiques régionales et nationales. Un premier résultat de cette revue de littérature est qu’une évaluation précise des retombées issues des parcs scientifiques fait aujourd’hui défaut. Les méthodes d’évaluation utilisées restent extrêmement partielles et ne proposent pas de mise en parallèle des bénéfices estimés avec les coûts de mise en oeuvre de telles politiques. Or ce n’est qu’à cette condition que des orientations pertinentes de politiques publiques peuvent être véritablement formulées. En dépit de ce manque d’outils d’évaluation précis, cette revue de littérature tente de fournir un état des lieux des résultats empiriques disponibles à l’heure actuelle. Cela contribue à éclairer la pertinence de la mise en place de parcs scientifiques, mais aussi à identifier un certain nombre de conditions d’efficacité des politiques de parcs scientifiques.

Suggested Citation

  • Corine Autant-Bernard, 2015. "Que savons-nous de l’impact économique des parcs scientifiques ? Une revue de la littérature," Working Papers 1526, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Étienne (GATE Lyon St-Étienne), Université de Lyon.
  • Handle: RePEc:gat:wpaper:1526
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    Keywords

    Parcs scientifiques; transferts de connaissance; innovation; développement économique;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy
    • C12 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Hypothesis Testing: General

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