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On the Construction of Common Size, Value and Momentum Factors in International Stock Markets: A Guide with Applications

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Abstract

Demand is growing for a better understanding of how assets are priced in countries outside of the U.S. While financial data are available for many firms world-wide, it is important to have a reliable and replicable method of constructing high-quality systematic risk factors from these data. This paper first documents that appropriately screened data from Thomson Reuters Datastream and Thomson Reuters Worldscope can be used to replicate closely not only U.S. market returns and the corresponding momentum risk factor (as existing work has suggested), but also the widely-used U.S. size and value risk factors. We then build novel pan-European and country-specific momentum, size, and value risk factors. By comparing our pan-European market returns and risk factors with their counterparts in the U.S., we find that they are astonishingly highly correlated. The factors we compute are made available to other researchers.

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  • Peter S. Schmidt & Andreas Schrimpf & Urs von Arx & Alexander F. Wagner & Andreas Ziegler, 2011. "On the Construction of Common Size, Value and Momentum Factors in International Stock Markets: A Guide with Applications," CER-ETH Economics working paper series 11/141, CER-ETH - Center of Economic Research (CER-ETH) at ETH Zurich.
    • Handle: RePEc:eth:wpswif:11-141
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    Cited by:

    1. Baltzer, Markus & Jank, Stephan & Smajlbegovic, Esad, 2019. "Who trades on momentum?," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 56-74.
    2. Abourachid, Halim & Kubo, Alexander & Orbach, Sven, 2017. "Momentum strategies in European equity markets: Perspectives on the recent financial and European debt crises," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 147-151.
    3. Artiga Gonzalez, Tanja & Dyakov, Teodor & Inhoffen, Justus & Wipplinger, Evert, 2024. "Crowding of international mutual funds," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    4. Annaert, Jan & De Ceuster, Marc & Verstegen, Kurt, 2013. "Are extreme returns priced in the stock market? European evidence," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(9), pages 3401-3411.
    5. Janick Christian Mollet & Andreas Ziegler, 2012. "Is Socially Responsible Investing Really Beneficial? New Empirical Evidence for the US and European Stock Markets," MAGKS Papers on Economics 201228, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics (Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung).
    6. Lucas Bretschger & Filippo Lechthaler, 2012. "Common Risk Factors and the Macroeconomy: New Evidence from the Japanese Stock Market," CER-ETH Economics working paper series 12/160, CER-ETH - Center of Economic Research (CER-ETH) at ETH Zurich.
    7. Martin Bohl & Philipp Kaufmann & Patrick Stephan, 2012. "From Hero to Zero: Evidence of Performance Reversal and Speculative Bubbles in German Renewable Energy Stocks," CQE Working Papers 2412, Center for Quantitative Economics (CQE), University of Muenster.
    8. Sheridan Titman & Matthias Hanauer, 2014. "Is Japan Different? Evidence on Momentum and Market Dynamics," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 14(1), pages 141-160, March.
    9. Bohl, Martin T. & Czaja, Marc-Gregor & Kaufmann, Philipp, 2016. "Momentum profits, market cycles, and rebounds: Evidence from Germany," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 139-159.
    10. ANNAERT, Jan & DE CEUSTER, Marc & VERSTEGEN, Kurt, 2012. "Are extreme returns priced in the stock market? European evidence," Working Papers 2012018, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    11. Leippold, Markus & Lohre, Harald, 2014. "The dispersion effect in international stock returns," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 331-342.
    12. Hanauer, Matthias & Kaserer, Christoph & Rapp, Marc Steffen, 2011. "Risikofaktoren und Multifaktormodelle für den Deutschen Aktienmarkt (Risk Factors and Multi-Factor Models for the German Stock Market)," CEFS Working Paper Series 2011-01, Technische Universität München (TUM), Center for Entrepreneurial and Financial Studies (CEFS).
    13. Sebastian Lobe & Christian Walkshäusl, 2016. "Vice versus virtue investing around the world," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 10(2), pages 303-344, March.
    14. Daniel Wurstbauer & Stephan Lang & Christoph Rothballer & Wolfgang Schaefers, 2016. "Can common risk factors explain infrastructure equity returns? Evidence from European capital markets," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 97-120, April.
    15. Białkowski, Jędrzej & Bohl, Martin T. & Kaufmann, Philipp & Wisniewski, Tomasz P., 2013. "Do mutual fund managers exploit the Ramadan anomaly? Evidence from Turkey," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 15(C), pages 211-232.
    16. Peter S. Schmidt & Therese Werner, 2012. "Channeling the final Say in Politics," CER-ETH Economics working paper series 12/165, CER-ETH - Center of Economic Research (CER-ETH) at ETH Zurich.
    17. Bohl, Martin T. & Kaufmann, Philipp & Stephan, Patrick M., 2013. "From hero to zero: Evidence of performance reversal and speculative bubbles in German renewable energy stocks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 40-51.
    18. Benjamin R. Auer, 2013. "Can consumption-based asset pricing models using monetary conditioning variables explain the cross-section of German stock returns?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(25), pages 3564-3573, September.
    19. Anh Duc Nguyen, 2020. "Residual return reversals: European evidences," Post-Print hal-02493457, HAL.
    20. Rathner, Sebastian, 2013. "The Relative Performance of Socially Responsible Investment Funds. New Evidence from Austria," Working Papers in Economics 2013-1, University of Salzburg.
    21. Stijn Claessens & Hui Tong & Igor Zuccardi, 2015. "Saving the Euro: Mitigating Financial or Trade Spillovers?," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 47(7), pages 1369-1402, October.
    22. Nguyen, Anh Duy, 2019. "Residual return reversals: European evidence," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 392-397.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Risk factors; value; size; momentum; international equity markets; asset pricing anomalies;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C89 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Other
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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