IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/erg/wpaper/2034.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Trade and Foreign Exchange Regime in Egypt

Author

Listed:
  • Hanaa Kheir-El-Din

    (Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University)

  • Sherine El-Shawarby

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to examine the most important components of foreign trade policy in Egypt: the tariff structure, non-tariff barriers (NTBs) and the exchange rate policy. With the intent of assessing the policies? likely impacts on Egyptian export competitiveness the paper also focuses on distortions resulting from these policies. The study found that since 1991, Egypt has taken serious steps towards trade liberalization through a series of corrective measures aimed at accelerating the reduction in the height as well as in the variance of tariff rates, phasing out most of NTBs on imports as well as on exports, reducing other types of NTBs, providing export incentives, and simplifying the exchange rate system. However, substantial reforms are still required if satisfactory export-led growth is to be attained and sustained in the long-run. Trade policy in Egypt is not the only determinant of trade performance or of the pattern of resource allocation. Performance is also still controlled by various government regulations and interventions and by institutional, legislative, political, and social considerations. Awareness of the need to reform on various economic and non-economic fronts would be an important step toward the potential overall improvement in competitiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanaa Kheir-El-Din & Sherine El-Shawarby, 2000. "Trade and Foreign Exchange Regime in Egypt," Working Papers 2034, Economic Research Forum, revised 11 Sep 2000.
    • Handle: RePEc:erg:wpaper:2034
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://erf.org.eg/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Microsoft-Word-2034-Kherieldin-web.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: http://bit.ly/2rPSH44
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Guillermo A. Calvo & Leonardo Leiderman & Carmen M. Reinhart, 1993. "Capital Inflows and Real Exchange Rate Appreciation in Latin America: The Role of External Factors," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 40(1), pages 108-151, March.
    2. Mr. Joannes Mongardini, 1998. "Estimating Egypt’s Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate," IMF Working Papers 1998/005, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Jonathan Ikoba & Akorlie A. Nyatepe-Coo & Oluwole Owoye, 1996. "The Effects of Domestic Policies and External Factors on the Real Exchange Rate and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 40(1), pages 92-103, March.
    4. Deardorff, Alan V., 1987. "Why do governments prefer nontariff barriers?," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 191-216, January.
    5. Greenaway, David, 1989. "Commercial Policy and Policy Conflict: An Evaluation of the Incidence of Protection in a Non-industrialized Economy," The Manchester School of Economic & Social Studies, University of Manchester, vol. 57(2), pages 125-141, June.
    6. Corbo, Vittorio & Hernandez, Leonardo, 1996. "Macroeconomic Adjustment to Capital Inflows: Lessons from Recent Latin American and East Asian Experience," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 11(1), pages 61-85, February.
    7. Vousden,Neil, 1990. "The Economics of Trade Protection," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521346696, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Fouad Abou-Stait, 2005. "Working Paper 76 - Are Exports the Engine of Economic Growth? An Application of Cointegration and Causality Analysis for Egypt, 1977 - 2003," Working Paper Series 211, African Development Bank.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gian Maria Milesi Ferretti & Assaf Razin, 1999. "Current Account Deficits and Capital Flows in East Asia and Latin America: Are the Early Nineties Different From the Early Eighties," NBER Chapters, in: Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Developing Countries: Theory, Practice, and Policy Issues, pages 57-108, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Ricardo J. Caballero & Arvind Krishnamurthy, 2000. "International Liquidity Management: Sterilization Policy in Illiquid Financial Markets," Econometric Society World Congress 2000 Contributed Papers 1700, Econometric Society.
    3. Gian Maria Milesi Ferretti & Assaf Razin, 2000. "Current Account Reversals and Currency Crises: Empirical Regularities," NBER Chapters, in: Currency Crises, pages 285-323, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Stijn Claessens & Daniel Oks & Rossana Polastri, 2000. "Capital Flows to Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union," NBER Chapters, in: Capital Flows and the Emerging Economies: Theory, Evidence, and Controversies, pages 299-339, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Nikolai Flexner, 2003. "Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Bolivia, 1990- 1998," Macroeconomics 0309009, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 19 Jan 2006.
    6. Guy Debelle & Gabriele Galati, 2007. "Current Account Adjustment and Capital Flows," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(5), pages 989-1013, November.
    7. Diehl, Markus & Schweickert, Rainer, 1998. "Currency crises: Is Asia different?," Kiel Discussion Papers 309, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    8. Das, Debasish Kumar, 2012. "Determinants of current account imbalances in the global economy: A dynamic panel analysis," MPRA Paper 42419, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Graham Bird, 2004. "How Important is Sound Domestic Macroeconomics in Attracting Capital Inflows to Developing Countries?," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: International Finance and the Developing Economies, chapter 9, pages 141-168, Palgrave Macmillan.
    10. L. Sarno & M. P. Taylor, 2003. "An empirical investigation of asset price bubbles in Latin American emerging financial markets," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(9), pages 635-643.
    11. Sarno, Lucio & Taylor, Mark P., 1999. "Hot money, accounting labels and the permanence of capital flows to developing countries: an empirical investigation," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(2), pages 337-364, August.
    12. Fedderke, J. W., 2002. "The virtuous imperative: modeling capital flows in the presence of non-linearity," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 445-461, May.
    13. Hoekman, Bernard & Mavroidis, Petros C., 1995. "The World Trade Organization's agreement on government procurement : expanding disciplines, declining membership?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1429, The World Bank.
    14. Nurhan YENTÜRK, 1999. "SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS AND THEIR IMPACT ON MACROECONOMIC STRUCTURE: TURKEY IN THE 1990s," The Developing Economies, Institute of Developing Economies, vol. 37(1), pages 89-113, March.
    15. Montiel, Peter & Reinhart, Carmen M., 1999. "Do capital controls and macroeconomic policies influence the volume and composition of capital flows? Evidence from the 1990s," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 619-635, August.
    16. Mr. Alejandro Lopez Mejia, 1999. "Large Capital Flows: A Survey of the Causes, Consequences, and Policy Responses," IMF Working Papers 1999/017, International Monetary Fund.
    17. Gustavo Franco, 2006. "Capital inflows into Brazil, 1992-98: the nature and effects of controls and restrictions," Textos para discussão 517, Department of Economics PUC-Rio (Brazil).
    18. Juan José Echavarría & Andrés González, 2012. "Choques internacionales reales y financieros y su impacto sobre la economía colombiana," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 30(69), pages 14-66, December.
    19. Ramon Moreno, 2001. "Pegging and stabilization policy in developing countries," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, pages 17-29.
    20. Herrera, Santiago, 2000. "Determinantes y composición del endeudamiento público en Colombia," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 2110, Inter-American Development Bank.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:erg:wpaper:2034. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sherine Ghoneim (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/erfaceg.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.