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Implications of the Expanding Use of Cash for Monetary Policy

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  • Gros, Daniel

Abstract

Financial innovation seems to have had little impact on the oldest medium of transaction, namely cash. The ratio of currency in circulation to GDP has increased in most countries, independently of the continuing spread of cashless transactions. Currency is part of the monetary base. Its increase thus leads to an automatic increase in central banks’ balance sheets. This becomes relevant when the size of a central bank’s balance sheet becomes a policy instrument. Taking account of the increase in cash holdings can lead to a different view of the monetary policy stance over longer periods of time. Holding the size of the overall balance sheet constant is equivalent to a gradual exit when currency holdings continue to increase.

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  • Gros, Daniel, 2017. "Implications of the Expanding Use of Cash for Monetary Policy," CEPS Papers 12661, Centre for European Policy Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:eps:cepswp:12661
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    Cited by:

    1. Giammatteo, Michele & Iezzi, Stefano & Zizza, Roberta, 2022. "Pecunia olet. Cash usage and the underground economy," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 107-127.
    2. Michael G. Arghyrou & Maria Dolores Gadea, 2019. "Private bank deposits and macro/fiscal risk in the euro-area," CESifo Working Paper Series 7532, CESifo.
    3. Gros, Daniel, 2017. "Tightening by Stealth: Why keeping the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve constant is equivalent to a gradual exit," CEPS Papers 12652, Centre for European Policy Studies.
    4. G. Arghyrou, Michael & Gadea, Maria-Dolores & Kontonikas, Alexandros, 2024. "Private bank deposits and macro/fiscal risk in the euro-area," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    5. Marek Dabrowski & Lukasz Janikowski, 2018. "Virtual currencies and their potential impact on financial markets and monetary policy," CASE Reports 0495, CASE-Center for Social and Economic Research.

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