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The economic impact of climate driven changes in water availability in Switzerland

Author

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  • Anne-Kathrin Faust
  • Camille Gonseth
  • Marc Vielle

Abstract

Switzerland is already and will continue to be affected by climate change. In its fourth assessment report, the IPCC indeed predicts a temperature increase of approximately 2 °C during winter and 2.5 °C during summer until 2050 compared to 1990 levels. By then, precipitation is estimated to increase by about 8% during winter and decrease by 15% in summer. These changes are bound to affect the hydrological cycle and alter both water supply and demand in multiple ways, thus highlighting the importance of understanding the hydrological consequences of climate change and their impact on the Swiss economy. Indeed, the broad objective of this study is to estimate the economic impact of changes in water availability due to climate change at a 2050 time horizon in Switzerland. This study employs GEMINI-E3, a computable general equilibrium model that is specifically designed for the analysis of climate change and energy policies. This model originally comprises 28 regions, including Switzerland, and 18 different sectors. The sectoral structure of the model is being extended in order to assess the economic impacts of climate change on particularly sensitive sectors and to study the role of specific adaptation measures for alleviating climate change costs. To assess the consequences of changes in water availability, raw water resources are introduced as a production factor into GEMINI-E3. Further, a drinking water distribution sector is specified for Switzerland and a more detailed representation of agriculture is proposed to allow for a precise analysis of the economic consequences of restricted water supply. Predictions of water availability in 2050 are taken from a hydrological model developed for Switzerland and alternative climate change scenarios from the EU-ENSEMBLES project are considered. Simulations show that possible restrictions in water resource availability will increase raw water prices substantially compared to the benchmark scenario. Sectors most affected are drinking water distribution and agricultural sectors that use irrigation. However, the global economic impact for Switzerland is small due to the low price of raw water in Switzerland and its small value in the benchmark scenario. Finally, the simulation of scenarios featuring alternative levels of endogenous adaptive capacity of the economy reveals the possible economic impact of adaptation to climate change.

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  • Anne-Kathrin Faust & Camille Gonseth & Marc Vielle, 2012. "The economic impact of climate driven changes in water availability in Switzerland," EcoMod2012 4177, EcoMod.
    • Handle: RePEc:ekd:002672:4177
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    15. Maria Berrittella & Katrin Rehdanz & Roberto Roson & Richard S.J. Tol, 2006. "The Economic Impact Of Water Pricing: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis," Working Papers FNU-96, Research unit Sustainability and Global Change, Hamburg University, revised Jan 2006.
    16. Anthony Letsoalo & James Blignaut & Theuns de Wet & Martin de Wit & Sebastiaan Hess & Richard S.J. Tol & Jan van Heerden, 2005. "Triple Dividends Of Water Consumption Charges In South Africa," Working Papers FNU-62, Research unit Sustainability and Global Change, Hamburg University, revised Apr 2005.
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    Cited by:

    1. Luckmann, Jonas & Grethe, Harald & McDonald, Scott & Orlov, Anton & Siddig, Khalid, 2013. "A general equilibrium approach to modelling multiple types and uses of water," Conference papers 332401, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    2. Jaume Freire-González & Christopher A. Decker & Jim W. Hall, 2017. "A Scenario-Based Framework for Assessing the Economic Impacts of Potential Droughts," Water Economics and Policy (WEP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 3(04), pages 1-27, October.
    3. Luckmann, Jonas & Ihle, Rico & Kleinwechter, Ulrich & Grethe, Harald, 2015. "The Effects of Vietnamese Export Policies on the World Market Integration of Domestic Rice Markets," 2015 Conference, August 9-14, 2015, Milan, Italy 212159, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    4. Nicholas Kilimani, 2014. "Water Taxation and the Double Dividend Hypothesis," Working Papers 201451, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    5. Luckmann, Jonas & McDonald, Scott, 2014. "STAGE_W: An Applied General Equilibrium Model With Multiple Types of Water - Technical Documentation," Working Papers 234473, Universitaet Hohenheim, Institute of Agricultural Policy and Agricultural Markets.
    6. Luckmann, Jonas & Grethe, Harald & McDonald, Scott, 2015. "When Water Saving Limits Recycling: Modeling Economy-wide Linkages of Wastewater Use," 2015 Conference, August 9-14, 2015, Milan, Italy 212161, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    7. Camille Gonseth & Philippe Thalmann & Marc Vielle, 2017. "Impacts of Global Warming on Energy Use for Heating and Cooling with Full Rebound Effects in Switzerland," Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, Springer;Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics, vol. 153(4), pages 341-369, October.
    8. Luckmann, Jonas & Grethe, Harald & McDonald, Scott, 2015. "When Water Saving Limits Recycling: Modeling Cascading Water Use in a Computable General Equilibrium Framework," Conference papers 332622, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.

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