IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ehl/lserod/111574.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Determining the number of factors in high-dimensional generalized latent factor models

Author

Listed:
  • Chen, Yunxiao
  • Li, Xiaoou

Abstract

As a generalization of the classical linear factor model, generalized latent factor models are useful for analysing multivariate data of different types, including binary choices and counts. This paper proposes an information criterion to determine the number of factors in generalized latent factor models. The consistency of the proposed information criterion is established under a high-dimensional setting, where both the sample size and the number of manifest variables grow to infinity, and data may have many missing values. An error bound is established for the parameter estimates, which plays an important role in establishing the consistency of the proposed information criterion. This error bound improves several existing results and may be of independent theoretical interest. We evaluate the proposed method by a simulation study and an application to Eysenck’s personality questionnaire.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, Yunxiao & Li, Xiaoou, 2022. "Determining the number of factors in high-dimensional generalized latent factor models," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 111574, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:111574
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/111574/
    File Function: Open access version.
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Geneviève Robin & Olga Klopp & Julie Josse & Éric Moulines & Robert Tibshirani, 2020. "Main Effects and Interactions in Mixed and Incomplete Data Frames," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 115(531), pages 1292-1303, July.
    2. In Choi & Hanbat Jeong, 2019. "Model selection for factor analysis: Some new criteria and performance comparisons," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(6), pages 577-596, July.
    3. Jushan Bai & Serena Ng, 2002. "Determining the Number of Factors in Approximate Factor Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 70(1), pages 191-221, January.
    4. R. Bock & Murray Aitkin, 1981. "Marginal maximum likelihood estimation of item parameters: Application of an EM algorithm," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 46(4), pages 443-459, December.
    5. John Horn, 1965. "A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 30(2), pages 179-185, June.
    6. Seung C. Ahn & Alex R. Horenstein, 2013. "Eigenvalue Ratio Test for the Number of Factors," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 81(3), pages 1203-1227, May.
    7. Philippe Huber & Elvezio Ronchetti & Maria‐Pia Victoria‐Feser, 2004. "Estimation of generalized linear latent variable models," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 66(4), pages 893-908, November.
    8. Robin, Geneviève & Josse, Julie & Moulines, Éric & Sardy, Sylvain, 2019. "Low-rank model with covariates for count data with missing values," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 416-434.
    9. Yunzhang Zhu & Xiaotong Shen & Changqing Ye, 2016. "Personalized Prediction and Sparsity Pursuit in Latent Factor Models," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 111(513), pages 241-252, March.
    10. Alexei Onatski, 2010. "Determining the Number of Factors from Empirical Distribution of Eigenvalues," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 92(4), pages 1004-1016, November.
    11. Yunxiao Chen & Xiaoou Li & Siliang Zhang, 2019. "Joint Maximum Likelihood Estimation for High-Dimensional Exploratory Item Factor Analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 84(1), pages 124-146, March.
    12. Wedel, Michel & Böckenholt, Ulf & Kamakura, Wagner A., 2003. "Factor models for multivariate count data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 356-369, November.
    13. Yunxiao Chen & Xiaoou Li & Siliang Zhang, 2020. "Structured Latent Factor Analysis for Large-scale Data: Identifiability, Estimability, and Their Implications," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 115(532), pages 1756-1770, December.
    14. Edgar Dobriban & Art B. Owen, 2019. "Deterministic parallel analysis: an improved method for selecting factors and principal components," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 81(1), pages 163-183, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Xinyi Liu & Gabriel Wallin & Yunxiao Chen & Irini Moustaki, 2023. "Rotation to Sparse Loadings Using $$L^p$$ L p Losses and Related Inference Problems," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 88(2), pages 527-553, June.
    2. Liu, Xinyi Lin & Wallin, Gabriel & Chen, Yunxiao & Moustaki, Irini, 2023. "Rotation to sparse loadings using Lp losses and related inference problems," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118349, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Chen, Yunxiao & Li, Xiaoou, 2024. "A note on entrywise consistency for mixed-data matrix completion," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 124682, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Y Chen & X Li, 2022. "Determining the number of factors in high-dimensional generalized latent factor models [Eigenvalue ratio test for the number of factors]," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 109(3), pages 769-782.
    2. Poncela, Pilar & Ruiz, Esther & Miranda, Karen, 2021. "Factor extraction using Kalman filter and smoothing: This is not just another survey," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 1399-1425.
    3. Alexander Chudik & M. Hashem Pesaran, 2013. "Large panel data models with cross-sectional dependence: a survey," Globalization Institute Working Papers 153, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
    4. Zhao Zhao & Guowei Cui & Shaoping Wang, 2017. "A Monte Carlo comparison of estimating the number of dynamic factors," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 1217-1241, November.
    5. Zhonghui Zhang & Huarui Jing & Chihwa Kao, 2023. "High-Dimensional Distributionally Robust Mean-Variance Efficient Portfolio Selection," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-16, March.
    6. Guo, Xiao & Chen, Yu & Tang, Cheng Yong, 2023. "Information criteria for latent factor models: A study on factor pervasiveness and adaptivity," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 233(1), pages 237-250.
    7. Choi, In & Lin, Rui & Shin, Yongcheol, 2023. "Canonical correlation-based model selection for the multilevel factors," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 233(1), pages 22-44.
    8. GUO-FITOUSSI, Liang, 2013. "A Comparison of the Finite Sample Properties of Selection Rules of Factor Numbers in Large Datasets," MPRA Paper 50005, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Alain-Philippe Fortin & Patrick Gagliardini & O. Scaillet, 2022. "Eigenvalue tests for the number of latent factors in short panels," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 22-81, Swiss Finance Institute.
    10. Wei, Jie & Chen, Hui, 2020. "Determining the number of factors in approximate factor models by twice K-fold cross validation," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    11. Fan, Jianqing & Liao, Yuan & Shi, Xiaofeng, 2015. "Risks of large portfolios," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 186(2), pages 367-387.
    12. Luke Hartigan & James Morley, 2020. "A Factor Model Analysis of the Australian Economy and the Effects of Inflation Targeting," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 96(314), pages 271-293, September.
    13. Yongfu Huang & Muhammad G. Quibria, 2015. "The global partnership for sustainable development," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 0(3-4), pages 157-174, August.
    14. Hyungsik Roger Moon & Martin Weidner, 2015. "Linear Regression for Panel With Unknown Number of Factors as Interactive Fixed Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 83(4), pages 1543-1579, July.
    15. Venetis, Ioannis & Ladas, Avgoustinos, 2022. "Co-movement and global factors in sovereign bond yields," MPRA Paper 115801, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Matteo Barigozzi & Marc Hallin, 2023. "Dynamic Factor Models: a Genealogy," Papers 2310.17278, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2024.
    17. Zhang, Yixiao & Yu, Cindy L. & Li, Haitao, 2022. "Nowcasting GDP Using Dynamic Factor Model with Unknown Number of Factors and Stochastic Volatility: A Bayesian Approach," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 75-93.
    18. Ryan Greenaway‐McGrevy & Nelson C. Mark & Donggyu Sul & Jyh‐Lin Wu, 2018. "Identifying Exchange Rate Common Factors," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 59(4), pages 2193-2218, November.
    19. Gagliardini, Patrick & Ossola, Elisa & Scaillet, Olivier, 2019. "A diagnostic criterion for approximate factor structure," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 212(2), pages 503-521.
    20. Xu Cheng & Zhipeng Liao & Frank Schorfheide, 2016. "Shrinkage Estimation of High-Dimensional Factor Models with Structural Instabilities," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 83(4), pages 1511-1543.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    generalized latent factor model; joint maximum likelihood estimator; high-dimensional data; information criteria; selection consistency;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:111574. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: LSERO Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/lsepsuk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.