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Gasto público, subsidios y equidad social en América Latina

Author

Listed:
  • Urzúa, Carlos M.

    (Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México)

Abstract

Este reporte fue escrito para la revista Análisis Político de la Fundación Friedrich Ebert. El reporte observa que para poder gastar bien hay que recaudar bien. Más aún, tanto o más que en el caso del gasto social, la carga tributaria debe ser progresiva. Por otro lado, entre menos recursos tenga el Estado para conducir una política social de envergadura, más importante es que los programas sociales sean muy focalizados. Es verdad que los programas que son dirigidos de manera expresa a grupos específicos de la población son más costosos de administrar y se prestan más a un manejo clientelar por parte de las autoridades, pero, como se ejemplifica en el reporte, el costo social de brindar los subsidios a la población que no los requiere hace palidecer esos otros costos. Otro punto a recordar es que, al margen de los efectos ambientales del consumo excesivo de energía eléctrica o de la proveniente de los hidrocarburos, establecer subsidios al consumo de energía ocasiona grandes inequidades, pues, en el fondo, son simplemente transferencias directas en especie que hace el gobierno a los sectores con mayores ingresos.

Suggested Citation

  • Urzúa, Carlos M., 2011. "Gasto público, subsidios y equidad social en América Latina," EGAP Working Papers 2011-04, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México.
    • Handle: RePEc:ega:docume:201104
    as

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    File URL: http://alejandria.ccm.itesm.mx/egap/documentos/EGAP-2011-04.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Urzúa, Carlos M. & Villarreal, Amado & Villarreal, Héctor J., 2012. "El reto de las finanzas públicas," EGAP Chapters, in: Almaguer, Teresa E. & Moreira, Héctor & Urzúa, Carlos M. (ed.), Construyendo el futuro de México: Propuestas de política pública, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México.
    2. van de Walle, Dominique, 1998. "Assessing the welfare impacts of public spending," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 365-379, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    México; gasto público; subsidios; gasolina; energía; Oportunidades; educación; salud;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H11 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H40 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - General
    • H61 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Budget; Budget Systems
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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