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Estimating Experienced Racial Segregation in U.S. Cities Using Large-Scale GPS Data

Author

Listed:
  • Athey, Susan

    (Stanford University)

  • Ferguson, Billy

    (Stanford University)

  • Gentzkow, Matthew

    (Stanford University)

  • Schmidt, Tobias

Abstract

We estimate a measure of segregation, experienced isolation, that captures individuals’ exposure to diverse others in the places they visit over the course of their days. Using Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected from smartphones, we measure experienced isolation by race. We find that the isolation individuals experience is substantially lower than standard residential isolation measures would suggest, but that experienced and residential isolation are highly correlated across cities. Experienced isolation is lower relative to residential isolation in denser, wealthier, more educated cities with high levels of public transit use, and is also negatively correlated with income mobility.

Suggested Citation

  • Athey, Susan & Ferguson, Billy & Gentzkow, Matthew & Schmidt, Tobias, 2021. "Estimating Experienced Racial Segregation in U.S. Cities Using Large-Scale GPS Data," Research Papers 3994, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecl:stabus:3994
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    File URL: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/working-papers/estimating-experienced-racial-segregation-us-cities-using-large
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    Cited by:

    1. Paul Blanchard & Douglas Gollin & Martina Kirchberger, 2023. "Perpetual Motion: High-Frequency Human Mobility in Three African Countries," Trinity Economics Papers tep0823, Trinity College Dublin, Department of Economics.
    2. Yuhei Miyauchi & Kentaro Nakajima & Stephen J. Redding, 2021. "The Economics of Spatial Mobility: Theory and Evidence Using Smartphone Data," NBER Working Papers 28497, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Gal Amedi, 2023. "The Determinants of the Transit Accessibility Premium," Bank of Israel Working Papers 2023.12, Bank of Israel.
    4. Coven, Joshua & Gupta, Arpit & Yao, Iris, 2023. "JUE Insight: Urban flight seeded the COVID-19 pandemic across the United States," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    5. Almagro, Milena & Coven, Joshua & Gupta, Arpit & Orane-Hutchinson, Angelo, 2023. "Disparities in COVID-19 risk exposure: Evidence from geolocation data," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    6. Liang Cai & Guangwen Song & Yanji Zhang, 2024. "Understanding neighborhood income segregation around the clock using mobile phone ambient population data," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.

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