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L’emploi, le chômage et les conditions d’activité dans les principales agglomérations de sept Etats membres de l’UEMOA Principaux résultats de la phase 1 de l’enquête 1-2-3 de 2001-2002

Author

Listed:
  • Alain Brilleau

    (DIAL)

  • François Roubaud

    (DIAL, IRD, Paris)

  • Constance Torelli

    (DIAL)

Abstract

(english) Given that the chief objective of development policies is to reduce poverty and that work is practically the only source of income for the poor, it is paradoxical that no system has yet been introduced in Africa to monitor the labour market. The labour force survey, the first phase of the 1-2-3 survey, carried out simultaneously in 2001-2002 in the economic capitals of seven WAEMU countries (Abidjan, Bamako, Cotonou, Dakar, Lomé, Niamey, Ouagadougou), aimed to fill this gap. For the first time, it provides a detailed picture of the main characteristics of employment and unemployment in the seven cities, based on surveys using exactly the same methodology and thereby enabling precise comparisons of the different capitals. This study, which presents the principal results of the survey, helps highlight the major structural characteristics of the urban labour markets in the region, and the specific national features. By identifying their main shortcomings (early labour force participation for children, distortion between young people's expectations and real recruitment prospects, discrimination against women, inefficiency of placement services for the unemployed, generalisation of under-employment, the place of the informal sector, etc.), the study opens up new possibilities for defining policies designed to improve the way labour markets work. _________________________________ (français) A l’heure où le principal objectif des politiques de développement est la réduction de la pauvreté et alors que le travail est la source quasi-exclusive de revenu des pauvres, il était paradoxal qu’aucun dispositif de suivi du marché du travail n’est encore été mis en place en Afrique. L’enquête emploi, première phase de l’enquête 1-2-3, menée simultanément en 2001-2002 dans les capitales économiques de sept pays de l’UEMOA (Abidjan, Bamako, Cotonou, Dakar, Lomé, Niamey, Ouagadougou), vise à combler cette lacune. Elle fournit pour la première fois une image détaillée des principales caractéristiques de l’activité et du chômage dans ces sept villes à partir d’enquêtes menées selon une méthodologie identique, ce qui autorise des comparaisons précises entre ces différentes villes. Cette étude, qui présente les principaux résultats de l’enquête, permet de mettre en évidence les grandes caractéristiques structurelles des marchés du travail urbains de la région, ainsi que des spécificités nationales. En identifiant leurs principales défaillances (mise au travail précoce des enfants, désajustements entre les attentes des jeunes et les perspectives réelles d’embauche, discrimination à l’encontre des femmes, inefficacité des services de placement des chômeurs, généralisation du sous-emploi, place du secteur informel, etc.), l’analyse ouvre des pistes pour la définition de politiques visant à améliorer le fonctionnement des marchés du travail.

Suggested Citation

  • Alain Brilleau & François Roubaud & Constance Torelli, 2004. "L’emploi, le chômage et les conditions d’activité dans les principales agglomérations de sept Etats membres de l’UEMOA Principaux résultats de la phase 1 de l’enquête 1-2-3 de 2001-2002," Working Papers DT/2004/06, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
  • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200406
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    Cited by:

    1. Girsberger, Esther Mirjam, 2017. "Migration, Education and Work Opportunities," IZA Discussion Papers 11028, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Girsberger, Esther Mirjam & Méango, Romuald & Rapoport, Hillel, 2020. "Regional migration and wage inequality in the West African economic and monetary union," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(2), pages 385-404.
    3. Backiny-Yetna, Prospere & Wodon, Quentin, 2010. "Gender Labor Income Shares and Human Capital Investment in the Republic of Congo," MPRA Paper 27737, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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