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Money and the Decentralization of Exchange

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A pairwise trading process is formulated subject to conditions of nonnegativity of traders' holdings and quid pro quo. It is shown that that: (i) There is a centralized procedure that achieves the equilibrium allocation for an arbitrary economy. (ii) It is not in general possible to find a decentralized procedure that achieves the equilibrium allocation for an arbitrary economy. (iii) In a monetary economy there is a decentralized procedure that achieves the equilibrium allocation. The usefulness of money is that it allows decentralization of the trading process.

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  • Joseph M. Ostroy & Ross M. Starr, 1973. "Money and the Decentralization of Exchange," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 349, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    • Handle: RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:349
    Note: CFP 422.
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    1. Ross M. Starr, 1972. "The Structure of Exchange in Barter and Monetary Economies," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 86(2), pages 290-302.
    2. Ostroy, Joseph M, 1973. "The Informational Efficiency of Monetary Exchange," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 63(4), pages 597-610, September.
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