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La transformación de valores en precios de producción: una contrastación empírica para el sistema capitalista

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  • Esteban Ezequiel Maito

Abstract

El objetivo del artículo es realizar una contrastación empírica global del llamado problema de la transformación a partir de los aportes recientes de Moseley. En función de ello, en la primera parte se realiza un desarrollo teórico inicial del valor y el precio de producción en consonancia con los desarrollos secuenciales y derivados que Marx realiza en El Capital. En la segunda parte, se realiza una contrastación empírica global tomando las diecisiete economías nacionales de mayor tamano y 54 ramas de producción. Los resultados muestran que, al nivel de abstracción del valor, la tasa de ganancia desciende conforme la composición orgánica se incrementa y el nivel de la tasa de plusvalía no se relaciona con el nivel de la composición. En términos de precios de mercado vigentes en la realidad concreta —por el contrario—, la tasa de ganancia carece de asociación con la composición orgánica, nivelándose en torno a la tendencia establecida por los precios de producción marxianos mediante una fuerte correlación positiva entre tasa de plusvalía a precios de mercado y composición orgánica tal como lo establece la teoría marxiana.

Suggested Citation

  • Esteban Ezequiel Maito, 2021. "La transformación de valores en precios de producción: una contrastación empírica para el sistema capitalista," Ensayos de Economía 20142, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000418:020142
    DOI: 10.15446/ede.v31n59.89304
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ochoa, Eduardo M, 1989. "Values, Prices, and Wage-Profit Curves in the U.S. Economy," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 13(3), pages 413-429, September.
    2. Baumol, William J, 1974. "The Transformation of Values: What Marx "Really" Meant (An Interpretation)," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 12(1), pages 51-62, March.
    3. Samuelson, Paul, 2012. "Understanding the Marxian Notion of Exploitation: A Summary of the So-CalledTransformation Problem Between Marxian Values and Competitive Prices," Ekonomicheskaya Politika / Economic Policy, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, pages 182-202, August.
    4. Baumol, William J, 1974. "The Transformation of Values: What Marx "Really" Meant: Reply," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 12(1), pages 74-75, March.
    5. Marcel P. Timmer & Erik Dietzenbacher & Bart Los & Robert Stehrer & Gaaitzen J. Vries, 2015. "An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input–Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(3), pages 575-605, August.
    6. Paul Cockshott & Allin Cottrell, 1998. "Does Marx Need to Transform?," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Riccardo Bellofiore (ed.), Marxian Economics: A Reappraisal, chapter 6, pages 70-85, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    precios de producción; tasa de ganancia; tasa de plusvalía; valor; composición orgánica del capital; economía mundial.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B24 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Socialist; Marxist; Scraffian
    • E11 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Marxian; Sraffian; Kaleckian
    • E20 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • F01 - International Economics - - General - - - Global Outlook
    • P10 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - General

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