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Una propuesta de subsidio al salario para Colombia (versión preliminar)

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  • Letty Margarita BOHÓRQUEZ
  • César Augusto MERCHAN

Abstract

Desde la segunda mitad de los noventa el desempleo en Colombia adquirió magnitudes preocupantes (alrededor del 18%) y aunque ha habido cierta tendencia a la baja, o al menos a su estabilización, el fenómeno sigue siendo alarmante con respecto a la situación de los demás países de la región y frente al propio historial del país. Para atenuar el problema, el gobierno ha intensificado sus esfuerzos en cuatro componentes directos utilizados típicamente para enfrentar el fenómeno: a) reentrenamiento y capacitación laboral desarrollado principalmente por el SENA y el subprograma Jóvenes en Acción; b) intermediación laboral, también a cargo del SENA y de diferentes empresas privadas; c) desarrollo empresarial, con los diversos apoyos a las empresas, y d) programas de empleo público como el subpograma Empleo en Acción. Estos esfuerzos han sido insuficientes para contrarrestar el desempleo y han llevado al Gobierno Nacional a plantear la posibilidad, a nivel normativo, de crear un subsidio al salario (también denominado subsidio al empleo). Dicha opción ya se ha aplicado tanto en países desarrollados como en algunos de Latinoamérica, con resultados y recomendaciones de política diversos. Incluso en Colombia se han hecho intentos pero con resultados poco favorables. Explorar la viabilidad técnica de un subsidio al salario, así como su pertinencia y forma de aplicación en Colombia, es el objetivo de este estudio que se compone de siete secciones. En la siguiente sección se describe en breve la gravedad del desempleo del país. Las secciones tercera y cuarta resumen tanto el marco teórico como las características generales de los programas de subsidio al salario, mientras que la quinta describe algunas experiencias internacionales. En la sección seis se esboza la estructura básica de un subsidio al salario para Colombia, para finalizar en las acostumbradas conclusiones y recomendaciones de política.

Suggested Citation

  • Letty Margarita BOHÓRQUEZ & César Augusto MERCHAN, 2005. "Una propuesta de subsidio al salario para Colombia (versión preliminar)," Archivos de Economía 1901, Departamento Nacional de Planeación.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000118:001901
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Keywords

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