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Efficiency-inducing tax credits for charitable donations when taxpayers have heterogeneous behavioral norms

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  • Ngo Van Long

Abstract

We consider an economy in which some taxpayers behave in a Kantian way in their donation behavior while others are Nash players. A Kantian taxpayer holds the norm that any suggested deviation from a proposed equilibrium profile would be adopted by him only if when all members of their community adopted the same deviation, they would all achieve a higher level of welfare. In contrast, a Nash player follows the individual rationality criterion: He would deviate if, assuming all others do not deviate, he would improve his own payoff. We show that if all taxpayers are Nash players, then there is an efficiency-inducing tax credit scheme for charitable contributions. In contrast, if all taxpayers are Kantian, the optimal tax credit for charity is zero. If both types of taxpayers co-exist, and the government does not know who is of what type, then it is not possible for the government to induce the first-best outcome, but it must rely on a second-best tax-credit scheme. Nous considérons une économie dans laquelle certains contribuables se comportent de manière kantienne dans leur comportement de don tandis que d'autres sont des joueurs de Nash. Un contribuable kantien maintient la norme selon laquelle tout écart suggéré par rapport à un profil d'équilibre proposé ne serait adopté par lui que si, lorsque tous les membres de leur communauté adoptaient le même écart, ils atteindraient tous un niveau de bien-être plus élevé. En revanche, un joueur de Nash suit le critère de rationalité individuelle : il s'écarterait si, en supposant que tous les autres ne s'écartent pas, il améliorait son propre gain. Nous montrons que si tous les contribuables sont des acteurs de Nash, alors il existe un régime de crédit d'impôt induisant l'efficacité pour les contributions. En revanche, si tous les contribuables sont kantiens, le crédit d'impôt optimal pour les œuvres caritatives est nul. Si les deux types de contribuables coexistent et que le gouvernement ne sait pas qui est de quel type, alors il n'est pas possible pour le gouvernement d'obtenir l’ optimum social, mais il doit s'appuyer sur un système de crédit d'impôt qui délivra un résultat `second-best’.

Suggested Citation

  • Ngo Van Long, 2021. "Efficiency-inducing tax credits for charitable donations when taxpayers have heterogeneous behavioral norms," CIRANO Working Papers 2021s-44, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2021s-44
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pierre von Mouche & Federico Quartieri (ed.), 2016. "Equilibrium Theory for Cournot Oligopolies and Related Games," Springer Series in Game Theory, Springer, number 978-3-319-29254-0, June.
    2. Roemer, John E., 2015. "Kantian optimization: A microfoundation for cooperation," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 45-57.
    3. repec:bla:econom:v:42:y:1975:i:168:p:430-37 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Grafton, R. Quentin & Kompas, Tom & Long, Ngo Van, 2017. "A brave new world? Kantian–Nashian interaction and the dynamics of global climate change mitigation," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 31-42.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Categorical imperative; Kantian behavior; Kantian equilibrium; Kant-Nash equilibrium; voluntary contributions to a public good; tax credits; Impératif catégorique; comportement kantien; équilibre kantien; équilibre de Kant-Nash; contributions volontaires à un bien public; les crédits d'impôt;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods

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